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Untitled Quiz

Total questions: 141

Worksheet time: 1hrs 11mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

According to the force theory, what is the primary reason for the emergence of the state?

a)

The rise of money and development of crafts

b)

The emergence of social classes and internal contradictions

c)

One tribe conquering another

d)

Climate change

e)

The making of agreements among people

2.

Under the social contract theory, what is the core idea about how the state arises?

a)

The state arises from private property and class formation

b)

The state is a tool created by people to live together through a mutual agreement

c)

The state originates from divine will

d)

The state results from global climatic changes

e)

The state has always existed simultaneously with humankind

3.

Which set of scholars explained the origin of the state and law through the social contract theory?

a)

Grotius, Hobbes, Rousseau, Radishchev

b)

Thomas Aquinas, Maritain

c)

Gumplowicz, Dühring, Kautsky

d)

Marx, Engels, Lenin

e)

Aristotle, Filmer

4.

By what distinguishing feature does the state differ from any other political organization in society?

a)

International organizations cooperate among themselves

b)

Ownership of the principal means of production and tools

c)

Having a constitutional act

d)

Monopoly over outer space exploration

e)

Authority to issue universally binding normative legal acts

5.

The supremacy of state power within the country and independence beyond its territory is called what?

a)

Legal personhood

b)

State sovereignty

c)

Legal capacity

d)

Capacity to act

e)

Law‑making activity

6.

A legal custom is best defined as what?

a)

Any traditions and customs that have survived to the present

b)

Processes and customs expressed as punishments

c)

Rigidly defined practices and customs that are supported and guaranteed by the state

7.

When did the earliest state structures appear?

a)

About a million years ago

b)

About forty thousand years ago

c)

About five thousand years ago

d)

About one thousand years ago

e)

About three thousand years ago

8.

Which norms were used in primitive communal society?

a)

Legal norms

b)

Political norms

c)

Tribal customs (mono‑norms)

d)

Technical norms

e)

Religious norms

9.

Which are the main attributes of the state?

a)

National currency, army, police

b)

Territory, population, customs

c)

State sovereignty, adoption of general rules, a special apparatus and control system

d)

Capital city, flag (banner), coat of arms, anthem

e)

A wide range of parties, prisons, banks, and mandatory social organizations

10.

Aristotle, Filmer, and Mikhailovsky are associated most closely with which theory of the origin of the state?

a)

Class theory

b)

Theological theory

c)

Patriarchal theory

d)

Organic theory

e)

Social contract theory

11.

What is the key hallmark of the Eastern type of states?

a)

State and society own land collectively

b)

Private ownership of land predominates

c)

The basis of authority is personal property

d)

There is no powerful official apparatus

e)

Cities arose first and then states

12.

Which group of scholars proposed explaining the origin of the state by the class (materialist) theory?

a)

Machiavelli, Hamilton

b)

Marx, Engels, Lenin

c)

Mikhailovsky, Bakunin

d)

Aristotle, Filmer

e)

Thomas Aquinas, Maritain

13.

Which features characterize relations in primitive communal society?

a)

Prevalence of taboos

b)

Close linkage of rights and duties

c)

Absence of an external specialized structure ensuring norm compliance

d)

Regulation primarily by tribal customs

e)

All of the above

14.

Which theory was advanced by K. Marx, F. Engels, and V. I. Lenin?

a)

Theological

b)

Patriarchal

c)

Social contract

d)

Class (materialist)

e)

Psychological

15.

What are the main reasons for the emergence of the state?

a)

Political and cultural

b)

Ideological and religious

c)

Customary and traditional

d)

Legal, rights‑based, and democratic

e)

Economic and social

16.

In early class societies, which items formed the normative complex based on religious norms?

a)

Mono‑norms

b)

Edicts and decrees

c)

Laws

d)

Resolutions

e)

Precedents

17.

Who are the principal founders of the contract theory of the origin of the state?

a)

Pokrovsky, Aristotle, Filmer

b)

Hobbes, Spinoza, Rousseau

c)

Gumplowicz, Kautsky, Dühring

d)

Engels, Marx

e)

Petrazhitsky, Hugo

18.

Who are the principal founders of the force theory of the origin of the state?

a)

Pokrovsky, Filmer

b)

Epicurus, Spinoza, Rousseau

c)

Gumplowicz, Kautsky, Dühring

d)

Engels, Marx

e)

Petrazhitsky, Hugo

19.

Who are the principal founders of the patriarchal theory of the origin of the state?

a)

Pokrovsky, Aristotle, Filmer

b)

Hobbes, Spinoza, Rousseau

c)

Gumplowicz, Kautsky, Dühring

d)

Engels, Marx

e)

Petrazhitsky, Hugo

20.

Identify the theory that explains the origin of the state as the result of God's will.

a)

Irrigation

b)

Materialist

c)

Theological

d)

Contract

e)

Patriarchal

21.

Name the author of The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State.

a)

F. Engels

b)

K. Marx

c)

V. I. Lenin

d)

Hugo Grotius

e)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

22.

Who advocated the social contract theory concerning the origin of the state and law?

a)

Confucius

b)

Aurelius Augustine

c)

Thomas Aquinas

d)

Hugo Grotius

e)

B. Fogel

23.

Mononorms regulated social relations in which type of society?

a)

Slave-owning society

b)

Feudal society

c)

Primitive communal society

d)

Bourgeois society

e)

Modern democratic society

24.

What is the principal factor determining the formation type of the state?

a)

Level of culture, religion, and humanism

b)

Climatic and geographical conditions

c)

National characteristics

d)

Degree of personal freedom

e)

Type of production relations

25.

In the Marxist framework, what is the basis (bazis)?

a)

A set of political and legal relations

b)

The state’s economic structure

c)

Unity of people

d)

The political form of the organization

e)

Organization of state power

26.

In the Marxist framework, what is the superstructure (qondyrym)?

a)

A set of political and legal relations

b)

The state’s economic structure

c)

Unity of people

d)

The political form of the organization

e)

Organization of state power

27.

Which state type belongs to the civilizational perspective?

a)

Ancient Eastern

b)

Feudal

c)

Bourgeois

d)

Slave-owning

e)

Capitalist

28.

Which thinkers held a civilizational view regarding state typology? Select all that apply.

a)

F. Engels

b)

K. Marx

c)

V. I. Lenin

d)

A. Toynbee

e)

T. Pei

29.

According to the formational viewpoint, identify the types of the state. Select all that apply.

a)

Ancient Eastern

b)

Western European

c)

Primitive

d)

Feudal

e)

Capitalist

30.

Within the civilizational approach, what are considered the main factors of the state? Select all that apply.

a)

Level of development of production relations

b)

Degree of personal freedom

c)

Class contradictions and class struggle

d)

Spiritual characteristics

e)

Regulatory characteristics

31.

The Asiatic mode of production belongs to which typology of the state?

a)

Formational

b)

Civilizational

c)

Hypothetical

d)

Real

32.

According to civilizational characteristics, states are classified as:

a)

Eastern and Western

b)

Slave-owning, feudal, and bourgeois

c)

Democratic and anti-democratic

d)

Ancient and modern

e)

Nomadic and sedentary

33.

Which factor most strongly influences the essence of modern states?

a)

Religious and national

b)

Climatic

c)

Geographical

d)

Historical

e)

Military

34.

In a parliamentary republic, the government is accountable to:

a)

A constitutional monarchy

b)

A parliamentary republic

c)

A presidential republic

d)

A limited monarchy

e)

An absolute monarchy

35.

Concentration of the head of government’s powers in the president’s hands is characteristic of:

a)

A presidential republic

b)

A parliamentary republic

c)

An absolute monarchy

d)

A limited monarchy

e)

A dualistic monarchy

36.

In modern times, absolute monarchical power is preserved in which states?

a)

United Kingdom, Japan

b)

Sweden, Belgium

c)

Denmark, Spain

d)

Saudi Arabia, Oman

e)

France, Belgium

37.

Who is the single guardian of sovereign power?

a)

Society as a whole

b)

An international organization

c)

The public

d)

The state

e)

All of the above

38.

Which is a hallmark of a totalitarian political regime?

a)

Limitation of power by law

b)

Election of authorities by the people

c)

Complete transfer of all spheres of social life to state control

d)

Obligatory subordination of lower bodies to higher ones

e)

Democracy and transparency of public bodies

39.

A state in which the head of state is formed by hereditary succession is a:

a)

Democracy

b)

Monarchy

c)

Tyranny

d)

Republic

e)

Aristocracy

40.

A state in which the head of state is elected and replaceable is a:

a)

Democracy

b)

Despotism

c)

Republic

d)

Monarchy

e)

Tyranny

41.

Which statement is not characteristic of an authoritarian political–legal regime?

a)

Restriction or elimination of citizens’ rights and freedoms

b)

Strengthening the role of the appointed executive over elected bodies

c)

Concentration of wide powers in the hands of the leader and government

d)

The parliament’s role becomes minimal and largely decorative

e)

Supremacy of law and the primacy of human rights and freedoms

42.

Which of the following is the state’s external function?

a)

National defense

b)

Protection of citizens’ rights and freedoms

c)

Tax collection

d)

Ecological function

e)

Social function

43.

Identify the main forms through which the state carries out its functions. Select all that apply.

a)

Legislative

b)

Executive

c)

Judicial

d)

Control and supervision

e)

Legal and organizational

44.

Identify the state’s internal functions. Select all that apply.

a)

National defense function

b)

Social function

c)

World economic integration function

d)

Ensuring peace and supporting world order

e)

International cooperation in environmental protection

45.

Which item does not belong to the state’s internal functions?

a)

Economic

b)

Cultural

c)

Ecological

d)

Social

e)

Establishing peaceful relations with other countries

46.

Which function today has characteristics of both internal and external functions?

a)

Information

b)

Cultural

c)

Organizational and economic

d)

Cultural–educational

e)

National defense

47.

What is the element of the state mechanism that exercises policy and has public authority?

a)

State organ

b)

Political party

c)

Public association

d)

Local self-government

e)

Mass media

48.

Identify the organs that belong to representative and law‑making authority from the following list: Parliament; Government; Ministries; Committees and departments; Courts.

a)

Parliament

b)

Government

c)

Ministries

d)

Committees and departments

49.

According to the prompt "Law means ...", which option best matches the definition given: society’s rules of conduct collected as legal norms; moral ideals; skills and habits; advice and proposals; principles of kindness?

a)

Society’s rules of conduct collected as legal norms

b)

Moral ideals

c)

Skills and habits

d)

Advice and proposals

50.

Choose the item that does NOT belong to the signs of law: legal system; equality of legal obligation; publicity (formal) and certainty of law; reliance on state force; connection with religion.

a)

Legal system

b)

Equality of legal obligation

c)

Publicity and certainty of law

d)

Reliance on state force

51.

Select the sectoral principles of law listed: social justice; equality of citizens before the law and court; unity of rights and duties; humanism and democratism.

a)

Social justice

b)

Equality of citizens before the law and court

c)

Unity of rights and duties

d)

Humanism and democratism

52.

From the prompt "Principles of law are ...", choose the best completion: fundamental beginnings forming law; state will found in law; set of legal signs; presumptions (assumptions).

a)

Fundamental beginnings forming law

b)

State will found in law

c)

Set of legal signs

d)

Presumptions (assumptions)

53.

The primary element of law is

a)

legal norm

b)

type of law

c)

form of law

d)

legal principle

e)

moral norm

54.

Rules of behavior based on views of charity and malice, justice and injustice are

a)

moral norms

b)

legal norms

c)

technical norms

d)

religious norms

e)

organizational and enterprise norms

55.

A social norm enforced through state coercion is

a)

moral norm

b)

legal norm

c)

customary norm

d)

corporate norm

e)

religious norm

56.

The element of a legal norm that grants rights and imposes duties is

a)

presumption

b)

legal function

c)

disposition

d)

hypothesis

e)

sanction

57.

Social norms are best described as

a)

rules that regulate social relations

b)

a system of relations

c)

state will

d)

a legal form

e)

legal ideas and concepts

58.

Which is a type of social norm?

a)

office or position

b)

consensus

c)

competence

d)

custom

e)

organization

59.

Which of the following are recognized forms (sources) of law?

a)

legal custom, judicial precedent, normative contract, normative legal act

b)

acts of interpretation and acts of applying legal norms

c)

hypothesis, disposition, sanction

d)

court decisions

e)

decrees and orders

60.

Which source of law has general regulatory significance for everyone?

a)

administrative precedents

b)

normative legal act

c)

judicial precedents

d)

legal customs

e)

moral norms

61.

A state-recognized, universally binding rule of conduct is a

a)

law norm

b)

custom

c)

corporate norm

d)

customary norm

e)

religious norm

62.

Which of the following is not a source of law?

a)

normative legal act

b)

moral principles

c)

legal custom

d)

court precedent

e)

normative agreement

63.

Legal custom is

a)

a historically formed rule of behavior transmitted across generations and turned into tradition

b)

a decision of a state body

c)

a state-ensured historically formed rule converted into tradition

d)

a court precedent

e)

a normative legal act

64.

Which acts are outside the hierarchy of Kazakhstan’s normative legal acts?

a)

the Code, laws and decrees of the President having the force of law

b)

normative decrees of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan

c)

normative resolutions of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan

d)

ministers’ normative orders and state committees’ normative resolutions and orders

e)

normative resolutions of the Constitutional Council, the Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the Central Election Commission

65.

The approval of norms by the state and their becoming universally binding laws belongs to which concept?

a)

political declarations

b)

moral principles

c)

sources of law

d)

customary norms

e)

technical norms

66.

A law is

a)

a voluntary agreement of all members of society

b)

any official document adopted by state bodies

c)

a repeatedly used procedure in society

d)

a normative act with higher legal force

e)

a socially formed custom

67.

What do we call a legal custom?

a)

a tradition that has reached our days

b)

a written custom

c)

a specifically fixed form recognized by the state and ensured by its authority

d)

a law adopted by the state

e)

ancient lifestyle norms

68.

In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the source of law is

a)

the Quran and the Bible

b)

religious norms

c)

judicial precedent

d)

normative legal act and normative contract

e)

the Sunna and custom

69.

Show the main idea of understanding law through the legal-normative approach

a)

law is a set of political declarations

b)

law is described by moral principles and natural laws

c)

law is a set of rules of conduct regulating public relations that are fixed in official documents, announced publicly, and ensured by the state

d)

law is a collection of equality, justice and freedom principles up to a normative degree

e)

law is a cultural phenomenon of civilization

70.

According to law, a normative act based on a law is

a)

any official act

b)

a notarized written document

c)

a collection of laws

d)

rules regulating religious relations

e)

a legal act issued by a state administrative body to execute the law, strictly in accordance with the law

71.

How are laws classified by the period of their effect?

a)

official and non-official

b)

written and oral

c)

citizen and foreign

d)

adopted by referendum and adopted by state bodies

e)

permanent and temporary

72.

How are laws classified by the law-making subject?

a)

official and non-official

b)

written and oral

c)

citizen and foreign

d)

adopted by referendum and adopted by state bodies

e)

permanent and temporary

73.

Which of the following are acts of application of law?

a)

the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Law on Public Service

b)

traffic rules

c)

the President’s decree on measures to reform the system of state bodies

d)

the Ministry of Finance’s instruction on the procedure for collecting taxes from individuals

e)

the President’s decree awarding state orders, a court decision or sentence, and an order on employment

74.

When was the first Constitution of independent sovereign Kazakhstan adopted?

a)

August 30, 1995

b)

December 16, 1991

c)

October 25, 1990

d)

January 28, 1993

e)

September 1, 1992

75.

A law is

a)

a voluntary agreement of all members of society by their free will

b)

a normative act with the highest legal force

c)

an agreement between parties enforced through mutual consent

d)

any official document adopted by state bodies

e)

a repeatedly used social procedure

76.

Types of laws include

a)

constitutional and ordinary

b)

adopted by referendum or by parliament

c)

temporary and permanent

d)

regulatory and protective

e)

with direct or derivative force

77.

As a general rule, does a normative legal act have retroactive force?

a)

no

b)

yes

c)

only in special cases

d)

decided in each specific case

e)

depends on the disputed area

78.

Which type of entry into force of a normative legal act is impossible?

a)

after the period specified in the act expires

b)

after a time has passed following official publication

c)

immediate entry into force

d)

from the moment of signing

e)

after events specified in the act occur

79.

Elements that make up the legal system are

a)

legal norms, legal institutions, branches of law

b)

normative acts, codes, laws

c)

legal customs and judicial precedents

d)

legal norms and branches of law

e)

legal customs

80.

What is the title of the act adopted by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan?

a)

law

b)

decree

c)

code

d)

order

81.

What is the legislative system?

a)

Legal norms

b)

A set of normative legal acts that cover the internal content and structural features of law

c)

The content of a legal norm

d)

An objective system

e)

A uniform structure of a legal norm

82.

What is meant by the spatial scope of a legal norm?

a)

The force of legal norms applies only to a certain circle of persons

b)

The force of legal norms is tied to a specific time

c)

The force of legal norms exists within a specific territory

d)

The force of legal norms does not apply to certain persons

e)

The procedure for repealing legal norms

83.

Which statement best defines a normative legal act?

a)

An act of a state body adopted in the prescribed procedure to establish, amend, or repeal legal norms

b)

A document recognized by the state, transmitted from generation to generation as a tradition

c)

The internal content and structural features of law

d)

A set that includes all general rights, freedoms, and duties of citizens

e)

A rule known historically and nationally

84.

Legal norm as principles refers to which of the following? Select all that apply.

a)

General rules

b)

Norms that do not clearly express their elements

c)

Norms that specify rules of conduct for participants in social relations

d)

Prohibitive norms

e)

Mandatory norms

85.

A universally binding rule that regulates social relations ensured by the state is called what?

a)

Moral norm

b)

Legal norm

c)

Religious norm

d)

Humanistic norm

e)

Customary norm

86.

Which is not a characteristic of a legal norm?

a)

Universal binding normativity

b)

Formal definiteness

c)

Indefiniteness of the addressee

d)

State guarantee

e)

Religious affiliation

87.

By methods of legal regulation, which type of legal norms is correctly named?

a)

Imperative—categorical, dispositive, encouraging, recommendatory norms

b)

Legal and law-based norms

c)

General and limited-scope norms

d)

Material norms and procedural norms

e)

Norms expressing powers, obligations, and prohibitions

88.

What is a hypothesis in the structure of a legal norm?

a)

It shows the consequences when the requirements of a legal norm are violated

b)

It specifies the conditions under which the legal norm operates

c)

It reveals the content of behavior (rights and duties) of legal subjects

d)

It shows the sequence of lawmaking

e)

It determines rights and duties

89.

What is a disposition in the structure of a legal norm?

a)

It shows the consequences when the requirements of a legal norm are violated

b)

It specifies the conditions under which the legal norm operates

c)

It reveals the content of behavior (rights and duties) of legal subjects

d)

It shows the sequence of lawmaking

e)

It determines legal capacity

90.

What is a sanction in the structure of a legal norm?

a)

It shows the consequences when the requirements of a legal norm are violated

b)

It specifies the conditions under which the legal norm operates

c)

It reveals the content of behavior (rights and duties) of legal subjects

d)

It shows the sequence of lawmaking

e)

It determines legal capacity

91.

Which element specifies adverse measures when legal norms are violated?

a)

Disposition

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Sanction

d)

Preamble

e)

Presumption

92.

Which element of a legal norm determines the conditions for the application of a legal rule?

a)

Hypothesis

b)

Preamble

c)

Disposition

93.

Name the element that, by establishing rules of conduct, confers rights and imposes legal duties.

a)

Presumption

b)

Disposition

c)

Hypothesis

d)

Sanction

e)

Preamble

94.

Name the two main functions of law.

a)

Imperative and dispositive

b)

Prohibiting and granting rights

c)

Regulatory and protective

d)

Material and procedural

e)

Educational and ideological

95.

Which statement correctly describes norms that impose duties?

a)

Norms that determine participants’ legal powers

b)

Norms that require the performance of appropriate actions

c)

Norms that prohibit going to authorized actions

d)

Only norms specified in the text of the law

e)

Rules set out in all legal norms

96.

By the method of legal regulation, how are legal norms divided?

a)

Corporate and state

b)

Commercial and non-commercial

c)

Imperative and dispositive

d)

Law-making, declarative, subordinate

e)

Blanket and referential

97.

By function, what are the types of legal norms?

a)

Protective and regulatory

b)

General and special

c)

Categorical and dispositive

d)

Law-making, declarative, subordinate

e)

Absolute and relative

98.

By time, what are the types of legal norms?

a)

Protective and regulatory

b)

Permanent and temporary

c)

Imperative and dispositive

d)

Declarative and definitive

e)

Blanket and referential

99.

Which type of disposition does not specify behavior precisely and instead refers the subject to another norm?

a)

Descriptive

b)

Blanket

c)

Simple

d)

Mandatory

e)

Referential

100.

By disposition, which types of legal norms are correctly named?

a)

Defining, prohibiting, mandatory

b)

Legal and law-dependent norms

c)

General-action norms and restricted-action norms

d)

Material norms and procedural norms

e)

Dispositive and imperative norms

101.

What is the introductory part of a normative legal act called?

a)

Hypothesis

b)

Preamble

c)

List of headings

d)

Content

e)

Presumption

102.

By branch affiliation, which set correctly names types of legal norms?

a)

Moral norms and religious norms

b)

Religious norms and ethical norms

c)

Ethical norms and moral norms

d)

Constitutional law norms and civil law norms

e)

Customary norms and ethical norms

103.

Name a stage of the lawmaking process.

a)

Initiation of lawmaking

b)

Determining the actual circumstances of the case

c)

Choosing the legal norm

d)

Issuing an exact decision

e)

Monitoring non-violation of the act of application

104.

What is the process through which competent bodies create laws that have legal force and are put into effect?

a)

Implementation of law

b)

Lawmaking

c)

Application of law

d)

Adoption of a legal decision

e)

Legal education

105.

In the process of applying law, which methods fill gaps?

a)

Comparative method

b)

Legal analogy and analogy of statute

c)

Similarity of precedents and departmental resolutions

d)

Mathematical method

e)

Grammatical method

106.

What is meant by the lawmaking function?

a)

The function of adopting, amending, and repealing legal norms

b)

Any state function

c)

Systematizing normative legal acts

d)

Publishing normative legal acts

e)

Implementing legal norms

107.

What is a legal gap?

a)

Transformation of legal norms into behavior corresponding to legal interaction

b)

A set of legal facts necessary for the emergence of legal relations

c)

A complete set of necessary norms for resolving social relations

d)

The absence or insufficiency of necessary norms due to social development and practical needs

e)

Contradiction between acts regulating the same social relations

108.

Which is not a principle of lawmaking?

a)

Property census

b)

Legality

c)

Publicity

d)

Democratism

e)

Professionalism

109.

Name a stage in the lawmaking process.

a)

Adoption of a legal act, its official procedure, and signing

b)

Determining the actual circumstances of the case

c)

Choosing the legal norm

d)

Issuing an exact decision

e)

Process documentation

110.

Who adopts laws?

a)

The President and the Government

b)

Any state body

c)

Only the people

d)

A higher lawmaking body or a referendum

e)

Only departments

111.

Identify the act that belongs to subordinate normative legal acts.

a)

A decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan having the force of law

b)

The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan

112.

Identify the item that is a law.

a)

Government-adopted traffic rules

b)

Criminal Code

c)

An organization’s order

113.

Which body has the authority to pass laws?

a)

Government

b)

Supreme Court

c)

Parliament

d)

Ministry

e)

A departmental body

114.

Name the subjects that have the right of legislative initiative.

a)

President of the Republic of Kazakhstan

b)

Regional governor (akim)

c)

Chair of the Constitutional Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan

d)

Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Members of Parliament

e)

President of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Members of Parliament

115.

The process of streamlining normative legal acts by changing their internal content is called:

a)

Legal system

b)

Systematization of legislation

c)

Consolidation

d)

Legal order

e)

Codification

116.

Systematization of normative legal acts by combining them in a defined order without changing their internal content is called:

a)

Incorporation

b)

Systematization of legislation

c)

Consolidation

d)

Legal order

e)

Codification

117.

Normative legal act systematization is:

a)

A state function to free current legislation from outdated rules and rework it

b)

A state function to update legislation in line with the demands of life

c)

Activities of state bodies to regulate legislation and bring it into a coherent system

d)

A function in accordance with customs and traditions

e)

A function in accordance with the demands of life and customs and traditions

118.

Types of systematizing normative legal acts include:

a)

Prolongation, inauguration

b)

Promulgation, ratification

c)

Incorporation, codification, consolidation

119.

Codification of normative legal acts is:

a)

Combining current legal norms into a single act

b)

Placing legal norms in a defined order

c)

Work aimed at a specific goal

d)

A systematization form that combines normative acts into a single logical whole without changing their content

120.

Incorporation means:

a)

Regulation that carries out internal and external processing of normative materials

b)

Processing the content of subordinate acts and restoring a previous external form

c)

Regulating municipal bodies’ acts by changing their external form

d)

Creating new norms for corporate organizations by forming standards

e)

Regulation that processes only the external form of normative materials without changing content

121.

A code is:

a)

A legislative act that logically unifies and systematizes legal norms regulating homogeneous social relations

b)

An act approving the foundations of social and state structure

c)

A set of legal norms

d)

Any act regulating crucial social relations

e)

A decision of a state body in specific cases

122.

Legal technique includes:

a)

Clarity, precision, simplicity, and comprehensibility of legal language

b)

Interrelation, consistency, and internal unity of legal material

c)

Sequence in the content of legal information

d)

Conciseness, accuracy, and full, consistent use of legal concepts

e)

The aggregate of methods for preparing, adopting, publishing, and systematizing normative legal acts

123.

Components of the legal system include:

a)

Legal norms, legal institutions, and branches of law

b)

Articles of normative acts, codes, and other bases

c)

Only branches of law

d)

State bodies

e)

Only norms

124.

A legal institution is:

a)

A stable set of legal norms regulating specific social relations

b)

The smallest unit of law, a legal norm

c)

Law taken as a whole

d)

The function of law

e)

A set of rules

125.

What term denotes the internal organization of law that includes its various elements, their hierarchy, and interrelations?

a)

Branch of law

b)

System of statutes

c)

System of social relations

d)

Legal system

e)

Legal institution

126.

The basic element of the legal system is:

a)

Religious norms

b)

Legal relations

c)

Moral norms

d)

Legal norms

e)

Branches of law

127.

The main criterion for dividing the legal system into branches is:

a)

Decision of the legislature

b)

Subject and method of legal regulation

c)

Foundations or sources of law

d)

Legal consciousness

e)

Practical application

128.

The subject of legal regulation is:

a)

A set of methods and techniques by which law affects a particular sphere of social relations

b)

A field of social relations conditioned by the specifics of human activity

c)

Rights and duties of subjects and their legal obligations

d)

An established organization with property in conditional form

e)

The totality of all human rights and freedoms

129.

A branch of law is:

a)

Law taken as a whole

b)

A legal norm

c)

A set of legal norms regulating homogeneous social relations

d)

A rule of conduct defined for organizations to achieve their goals

e)

A social normative regulator

130.

A legal institution is:

a)

A set of legal norms that regulate a type of social relations

b)

A set of legal norms regulating social relations and their differences

c)

A legal feature

d)

A system of homogeneous legal institutions

131.

Public law includes:

a)

Civil law

b)

Commercial law

c)

Administrative law

d)

Family law

e)

Property law

132.

Does ignorance of the law free a person from liability before the law?

a)

Yes, it frees from liability

b)

It frees only minors

c)

No, it does not free from liability

d)

It frees only certain citizens specified by law

e)

It frees disabled persons and poor groups

133.

Legal consciousness is:

a)

A set of concepts and feelings about law

b)

Legal violation

c)

A positive attitude toward law, respect for law, and fair evaluation

d)

Legal position of a subject to lawful conduct

e)

A subject’s unlawful conduct

134.

Ordinary legal consciousness is:

a)

Notions, concepts, and ideas of law formed by scholars and officials

b)

Mass public understanding about law

c)

A legal stance that contradicts law

d)

Ideas, concepts, and views about law

e)

Legal understanding of public officials

135.

Legal nihilism is:

a)

Distrust of law, devaluation of law, ignoring statutes and regulations

b)

A qualitative state or manifestation of law

c)

Public opinion that justifies the necessity of law

d)

A theory about the origin of the state

e)

Basic principles of law

136.

The set of views, feelings, and emotions about law is:

a)

Legal culture

b)

Legal nihilism

c)

Legal consciousness

d)

Legal ideology

e)

Legal conformity

137.

Professional legal consciousness is:

a)

Concepts, understandings, ideas, and beliefs about law formed within the circle of legal professionals

b)

Legal views expressing mastery of law’s system and theory

c)

General public understandings about law

d)

Understandings among adolescents and minors about law

e)

Understandings of lawbreakers about law

138.

Indicate the elements of the structure of legal consciousness:

a)

Legal understanding and legal sincerity

b)

Legal nihilism and legal ideology

c)

Legal informatism and legal culture

d)

Mechanism of legal regulation

e)

Legal ideology and legal psychology

139.

The type of socially useful behavior that does not contradict legal norms is:

a)

Behavior contrary to law

b)

Neutral behavior

c)

Lawful behavior

d)

Bad behavior

e)

Offense

140.

How is legal consciousness distinguished by legal subjects?

a)

Individual, group, organizational

b)

Individual, group, public

c)

Group, organizational, individual

d)

Logical, group, organizational

e)

Group, logical, public

141.

Indicate a sign that is not characteristic of legal nihilism:

a)

Lowering the role of law in life

b)

Low legal culture

c)

Respect for law

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