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WorksheetsLecture 1: MFLT as a Science
Total questions: 111
Worksheet time: 56mins
Which statement best defines Methods of Foreign Language Teaching (MFLT)?
A set of rules for academic writing in English
A theory of language change across history
A body of tested theory for teaching foreign languages
A collection of literary analysis techniques
Which is NOT one of the main problems covered by MFLT?
Economic funding of language schools
Aims of teaching a foreign language
Methods and techniques to meet requirements
Content of teaching to reach aims
General methods in MFLT primarily deal with which focus?
Teaching bilingual education policy frameworks
Teaching phonetics for advanced learners only
Teaching only English in secondary schools
Teaching any foreign language irrespective of type
Special methods in MFLT are best described as
Strategies for school administration logistics
Rules for academic publishing standards
Methods for a specific foreign language
General theories of education across subjects
In pedagogical usage, the English word “method” most often denotes
A single device or procedure in teaching
A historical study of language families
A learner’s personal study timetable
A statistical model of curriculum funding
Which pair correctly matches the three meanings of “methods” in pedagogical process?
Sum total of methodological ways of instruction
Theory of instruction as a special subject
Subject of instruction in a timetable
Psycholinguistics as brain imaging research
Which statement best captures the relation between MFLT and pedagogy?
MFLT is a branch closely connected to didactics
MFLT is unrelated to pedagogy by design
MFLT replaces instructional pedagogy entirely
MFLT focuses on mathematics principles only
Didactics contributes to MFLT by providing
Translation standards for legal texts
Political theories of curriculum control
Economic models for school budgets
General ways of teaching in schools
Why is drill emphasized in forming language habits?
It eliminates the need for pronunciation practice
It discourages imitation and reproduction skills
It creates steady repetition leading to habits
It reduces teaching time dramatically
Which set lists core language skills that teachers should form and develop?
Writing
Reading
Speaking
Listening comprehension
Psychology informs MFLT primarily by
Defining national curriculum policies
Replacing pedagogical principles entirely
Regulating textbook market prices
Explaining habit formation and memory
Which psychological insight supports language memorization during teaching?
Memory is non-retentive, avoid repetition
Memory is retentive, create favorable conditions
Memory depends only on mother tongue removal
Memory relies solely on visual aids
According to the relationship diagram, which sequence reflects the connection fields?
Psychology → Educational Pedagogy → Pedagogy
Pedagogy → Educational Pedagogy → Psychology
Physiology → Didactics → Educational Pedagogy
Linguistics → Pedagogy → Educational Psychology
Which concept from higher nervous system theories is directly relevant to MFLT?
Dynamic stereotype
Genetic inheritance patterns
Second signaling system
Conditional reflexes
Pavlov’s findings imply that language should be taught
As isolated grammar rules without context
As a behavior practiced in real situations
As pure translation between language pairs
As memorized lists detached from use
Which statement best captures how linguistics supports foreign language teaching?
It ignores grammar–vocabulary relations
It focuses only on literature and culture
It replaces classroom practice entirely
It supplies data from branches like phonetics
Which branches are explicitly mentioned as providing useful data for language teaching methods?
Phonetics
Pragmatics and discourse
Phonology and orthography
Lexicology and semantics
Morphology and syntax
Which quotation-driven idea is emphasized about the language classroom?
A venue only for vocabulary drills
A perfect site to test acquisition theories
A place unrelated to scientific inquiry
A setting for abandoning hypotheses
Identify the three main ways of investigating problems in foreign language teaching described in the material.
Experimenting with hypotheses
Summing up best teachers’ experience
Critical study of teaching ways
Randomized textbook selection
Exclusive reliance on intuition
When conducting experimental research in teaching, which tools help interpret results?
Pure memorization techniques
Mathematics, statistics, probability theory
Personal anecdotes and impressions
Unstructured classroom debates
Which set best represents the threefold aims of foreign language teaching?
Reading, Writing, Speaking
Linguistic, Methodological, Psychological
Phonology, Grammar, Vocabulary
Practical, Educational, Cultural
Which outcome aligns with the practical aim of foreign language teaching?
Developing voluntary and involuntary memory
Understanding scientific outlook and social participation
Appreciating art and literary traditions
Conversing on simple everyday subjects
Which skill is emphasized for practical proficiency when forms must be interrelated?
Hearing and speaking practice
Aesthetic appreciation focus
Abstract thinking exercises
Contrastive cultural analysis
Which statement best distinguishes foreign language teaching from history instruction?
It imparts historical laws and facts
It adds another code for communication
It relies mainly on primary sources
It focuses on chronology and causes
Which set lists the four basic language skills targeted in school programs?
Hearing, speaking, reading, writing
Debate, composition, summary, analysis
Listening, grammar, culture, vocabulary
Pronunciation, spelling, translation, dictation
Which result reflects the educational aim of learning a second language?
Ability to write short transactional letters
Use of a dictionary for moderate texts
Greater clarity and precision in communication
Knowledge of manners and customs of nations
Which description matches the cultural aims connected to reading English texts?
Developing techniques to learn most effectively
Practicing close interrelation of hearing and speaking
Training in sentence patterns and utterance patterns
Acquainting pupils with life and culture of English-speaking nations
Which component is defined as series of connected acts becoming automatic through repetition?
Habits
Methods
Skills
Syllabus
Which statement correctly contrasts habits and skills in language learning?
Both are spontaneous acts without repetition
Neither involves application of knowledge
Skills are automatic acts; habits require knowledge
Habits are automatic acts; skills apply definite knowledge
Which items belong to the linguistic component of content?
Sentence patterns and utterance patterns
Phonology and grammar selection
Vocabulary arranged by topics
Techniques to learn the language
Which component focuses on how pupils should learn and work to attain the aims?
Psychological component
Cultural component
Methodological component
Linguistic component
Which grouping correctly summarizes the three main components of content in foreign language teaching?
Psychological: habits and skills
Historical: laws and facts
Linguistic: language and material
Methodological: techniques to learn
Which statement best captures the Principle of Accessibility in language teaching?
Content matches learners’ age and cognition
Materials are highly visual and colorful
Lessons progress rapidly to challenge students
Homework is minimal to reduce stress
Which requirement aligns with accessibility regarding course closure?
Skip grading to reduce pressure
Focus solely on oral practice time
Always include two new skills daily
Neither overabundant nor scarce overall
What does proper grading under accessibility primarily ensure?
Immediate mastery after each unit
Constant revision every lesson
Logical progression without gaps
Free choice of topics by students
Why should pupils face only one difficulty at a time?
To accelerate mechanical memorization
To present multiple analyzers simultaneously
To increase competition between peers
To maintain accessibility and graduality
In presenting new grammar, what practice supports accessibility?
Introduce new forms on familiar lexis
Teach interrogatives before affirmatives
Combine two difficult topics at once
Avoid using previously learned vocabulary
What is the central idea of the Principle of Durability?
Exclusive reliance on visual aids
Retention enabling ready language use
Rapid expansion of syllabus content
Immediate fluency without practice
Which classroom action most strengthens durability?
Constant revision and supervised drills
Introducing complex texts early
Limiting assignments to reading
Eliminating kinesthetic activities
A conscious approach emphasizes which learner behavior?
Understanding rules through guided discovery
Repeating sentences mechanically
Memorizing lists without analysis
Avoiding theory while practicing
Which pair best contrasts conscious and mechanical learning?
Rule awareness versus rote drill
Teacher control versus student autonomy
Free talking versus silent reading
Native usage versus target avoidance
How should the mother tongue be used within a conscious approach?
Replace target language in practice
Explain historical origins briefly
Serve as a means for skill transfer
Compare linguistic phenomena judiciously
What is a typical interference from the mother tongue in learning pronunciation?
Native words permanently replace foreign
Grammar always simplifies structures
Vocabulary expands too quickly
Habits hinder forming new target habits
Which strategy helps overcome mother tongue interference most effectively?
Teach articles only historically
Avoid any mention of native language
Consistent practice in target language
Comparative analysis of features
Which factor most directly stimulates activeness in language learning?
Native-language translation drills
Strict error correction by peers
Extrinsic rewards for homework
Intrinsic interest in the subject
A teacher wants to awaken students’ desire to learn English. Which initial step is most effective?
Limit speech to the native language
Describe future opportunities from learning
Avoid questions to reduce anxiety
Assign extensive grammar exercises
Which practice best aligns with a conscious approach to foreign language learning?
Using the mother tongue exclusively
Imitating pronunciation only
Transforming studied material for new tasks
Memorizing dialogues without context
Which classroom activity exemplifies the principle of activity?
Students conversing with guests
Teacher monologue in native language
Silent reading of rules only
Copying vocabulary lists
Which option lists main sources of motivation mentioned for learners?
Passing entrance examinations
Conversing with foreign guests
Reading original useful books
Receiving teacher’s praise only
When interest declines in later forms, what should teachers do to sustain it?
Assign longer written tests weekly
Reduce oral practice to avoid mistakes
Use communicative exercises meeting needs
Increase rote translation tasks
Which criterion judges activeness regarding language use balance?
Frequency of grammar rule recitation
Use of foreign vs native by teacher and pupils
Amount of vocabulary memorized
Number of homework pages completed
Which criterion of activeness focuses on pupil speech duration?
Count of written exercises finished
Time speaking in foreign language by pupils
Number of visual aids displayed
Length of teacher’s lecture
Which classroom behavior reflects readiness and quality of answers?
Guessing randomly to respond
Providing thoughtful, accurate responses
Avoiding teacher questions entirely
Repeating the question verbatim
Which statement best captures the principle of visuality?
Learning mainly through abstract rules
Relying on silent reading for practice
Avoiding diagrams to prevent confusion
Explaining meanings by objects and actions
Which pairing correctly identifies two kinds of visuality in teaching?
Digital and analogue aids
Auditory and kinesthetic aids
Material and graphic aids
Verbal and conceptual aids
What is a direct outcome of using visual aids in language lessons?
Elimination of peer correction
Enhanced desire to speak
Removal of native language use
Creation of natural oral practice
Which classification feature of visualization is mentioned by B.V. Belyaev?
Grammar-first analytic types
Purely digital cinematic types
Object-based and mnemonic types
Only auditory-proprioceptive types
Which method achieves individualization effectively?
Grouping by ability with tailored tasks
Same tasks for all learners
Programmed materials at own pace
Using individual cards
To apply individualization, what should a teacher primarily know?
Syllabus content only
Each learner’s progress and needs
Latest testing standards
Preferred textbooks of peers
Which statement best distinguishes an approach from a method in language teaching?
A technique is a broad guiding philosophy
A method is a single isolated procedure
An approach is a fixed classroom routine
An approach is a theory guiding practice
What is the most accurate definition of a technique in this lecture’s hierarchy?
A philosophy for curriculum design
A sequence of lessons across a term
A single procedure used in class
A full set of teaching principles
Which arrangement reflects the correct hierarchy described in the lecture?
Approach → Technique → Method
Method → Technique → Approach
Technique → Approach → Method
Approach → Method → Technique
According to the lecture, what role should a teacher play in organizing learning?
Organizes learners’ work
Instructs and educates pupils
Evaluates and checks learning
Acquires language during class
Which learner functions are emphasized as central to the learning process?
Using learning in communication
Designing school curricula
Acquiring linguistic knowledge
Drill and transformation of knowledge
What is the primary purpose of evaluation and checking in the teaching–learning process?
To grade effort rather than skill
To verify task adequacy in use
To replace practice with lectures
To reward memorization alone
When introducing a new sound, which choice correctly illustrates techniques within a method?
Assigning unrelated written tasks
Combined demo and explanation
Explanation of articulation
Demonstration of pronunciation
What caution does the lecture offer about the term approach?
It replaces all methodological principles
It forbids varying class procedures
It only means a single classroom drill
It is often used informally like method
Why is the selection of techniques critical for effective teaching?
Techniques are always neutral tools
Techniques remove teacher judgment
Techniques eliminate need for methods
Techniques can help or hinder learning
Which principle should guide a teacher choosing techniques for reading instruction?
Conscious approach observed
Pure imitation without thinking
Memorization of speech units only
Ignoring learners’ age and progress
Which statement best distinguishes mechanical from non-mechanical teaching aids in language classes?
Non-mechanical aids rely on student devices
Mechanical aids involve powered devices
Mechanical aids are always more visual
Non-mechanical aids require software apps
Which is a non-mechanical aid commonly used to present and practice linguistic material?
Blackboard for writing prompts
Tape-recorder for playback
Television broadcasts
Overhead projector slides
Which practice makes blackboard use more effective during writing?
Face students frequently
Invite predictions of words
Avoid student spelling tasks
Have students read as you write
What is a key advantage of a flannel board in language lessons?
Sticks pictures to create scenes
Plays audio for dialogues
Records student speech tracks
Projects charts onto screens
What property allows a magnet board to function similarly to a flannel board?
Projects images in daylight
Attracts special cards
Amplifies classroom sound
Converts text to audio
Which device is described as the most important aid for learning a foreign language due to listening practice?
Opaque projector visuals
Gramophone for music
Television for broadcasts
Tape-recorder for twin-track
Why should continuous listening time be limited when using a tape-recorder?
Students prefer reading tasks
Twin-track recording is slow
Listening demands high concentration
Equipment overheats quickly
What is recommended when positioning a loudspeaker for classroom audio?
Mount near the floor level
Place behind teacher desk
Aim speaker at the ceiling
Direct sound toward students
Which function is characteristic of teaching machines in language learning?
Record multi-track music
Broadcast live TV lessons
Provide stimulus and feedback
Project opaque photographs
Which description fits an overhead projector in school language teaching?
Displays charts and maps
Records students' stories
Provides two-way audio
Synchronizes radio programs
Which statement best summarizes the purpose of a language laboratory?
Built for literature analysis
Used for handwriting practice
Primarily for reading comprehension
Designed for listening and speaking
What is typical of the library broadcast system type of language laboratory?
Structural drills via tapes
Peer grading of essays
Live television debates
Group handwriting exercises
Which materials are included under teaching materials for foreign language learning?
Pupil's books
Teacher's books
Visual aids
Audio-visual materials
Which requirement should modern foreign-language textbooks meet?
Reflect life and culture studied
Extend educational horizon
Arouse interest and curiosity
Ensure activity in four skills
In textbook exercise balance, what proportion is recommended for developing oral language?
Forty to fifty percent
Ten to fifteen percent
Sixty to seventy percent
Eighty to ninety percent
Which items typically accompany pupil materials besides the main textbook?
Programmed materials
Dictionaries for study
Lab safety guidelines
Manuals and readers
Which feature defines programmed learning materials?
Peer-only evaluation
Immediate reinforcement
Small step responses
Individual pace progression
Which classroom objects are considered realia to support language learning?
Software, tablets, apps
Gramophone records
Television antennas
Pens, pencils, books
Which feature makes picture flashcards especially useful for developing reading and pronunciation?
Permanent display on classroom walls
Group work instructions printed on back
Detailed written explanations on cards
Quick showing to pupils during drills
A wall-chart is best used to support which classroom activity?
Assessment of students’ handwriting
Silent individual reading practice
Grammar-free conversational roleplay
Generalization of a linguistic phenomenon
Which pair illustrates double-sided flashcards for contrasting language items?
She drinks tea / Now she is drinking champagne
He will go home / He went home yesterday
Cats are animals / Dogs are friendly pets
I like music / I dislike loud concerts
Identify the correct classification of pictures used as props for retelling.
Abstract diagrams of phoneme charts
Topical pictures showing a bedroom
Situational pictures like a boy lying in bed
Object pictures such as a bed or cat
Which statement accurately describes magazine pictures for language teaching?
They are unsuitable for stimulating students
They must be high-cost and rare
They should only be black-and-white
They provide unusual situations and are cheap
Match each material type with its primary language-skill focus.
Sound film loops
Tapes and records
Slides
Maps and plans
Albums
Which description best fits sound film loops?
Interactive computer simulations
Silent static posters for revision
Lengthy documentaries watched once
Short segments replayed to grasp and memorize
Which qualities are emphasized for effective teaching materials aiming at cultural development?
Authenticity
Clarity
Practicality
Appropriateness
According to A. Spicer, what is the main purpose of teaching materials?
Make learning highly entertaining only
Replace the teacher in classroom activities
Focus solely on rapid memorization drills
Enable the teacher to teach more effectively
Which feature best characterizes the Grammar-Translation Method in typical classes?
Emphasis on reading and writing activities
Primary focus on oral fluency and dialogue
Immersive target-language interaction only
Task-based projects with authentic communication
In the Grammar-Translation Method, how is grammar typically taught?
Implicitly through extensive listening
Deductively via rules and paradigms
Inductively from student-discovered patterns
Through communicative tasks and negotiation
Which classroom practice aligns with the Grammar-Translation Method?
Project-based collaboration in target language
Spontaneous conversation about daily life
Memorizing verb paradigms and translating sentences
Role-plays without mother-tongue use
What assumption underlies grammatical categories in the Grammar-Translation Method?
They must be learned through speech and prosody
They can be defined in general terms across languages
They are acquired only through immersion
They are unique to each language and culture
Which skill receives little attention in Grammar-Translation classrooms?
Reading difficult classical texts
Speaking and listening practice
Writing grammatical analyses of sentences
Memorizing vocabulary lists
Which summary point matches the Grammar-Translation Method?
Vocabulary taught via contextual stories
Texts are used for communicative tasks
Classes are taught in the mother tongue
Grammar is acquired through conversation
Which activity reflects the deductive approach to grammar noted in the material?
Students listen repeatedly to dialogues
Students converse to internalize patterns
Students receive rules then apply them
Students infer rules from examples
Which statement describes typical lesson texts in the Grammar-Translation Method?
Functional texts for situational role-plays
Teacher-made scripts for oral drills
Literary passages from classic or modern authors
Dialogues from everyday speech
Which pair contrasts deductive and inductive grammar teaching?
Conversation first, rules ignored
Memorization of paradigms only
Rules first, practice after
Examples first, rule derived later
Which practice shows the method’s reliance on translation?
Students create dialogues from pictures
Students translate between mother tongue and foreign language
Students retell stories without any L1 use
Students paraphrase in target language only
Which is a distinguishing feature of the Grammar-Translation Method identified in the material?
Focus on phonetic training and pronunciation
Insistence upon grammatical analysis of sentences
Priority on oral proficiency over analysis
Preference for inductive rule discovery only
What kind of vocabulary practice is common in Grammar-Translation classrooms?
Corpus-based collocations learned orally
Semantic mapping via conversation
Lists of isolated words with equivalents
Contextualized lexical fields through tasks
Which disadvantage follows from treating texts mainly as grammar exercises?
Greater fluency in spontaneous speaking
Enhanced pragmatic competence
Improved discourse comprehension
Reduced attention to content and meaning
Which rule is central to the Direct Method compared to Grammar-Translation?
Use the mother tongue frequently
Allow translation for difficult concepts
No Translation rule in classroom practice
Teach grammar before any examples
Which classroom language use distinguishes the Direct Method from Grammar-Translation?
Mother tongue predominates in explanations
Mixed code-switching for difficult topics
Target language used exclusively for instruction
Silent period followed by L1 summaries
