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Enlightenment & Government and Enlightenment Thinkers (1–25)

Total questions: 77

Worksheet time: 1hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What does power mean in government?

a)

Religious belief

b)

Ability to control people and make decisions

c)

Military weapons

d)

Wealth

2.

The Enlightenment emphasized —

a)

Tradition

b)

Loyalty to kings

c)

Reason and logic

d)

Superstition

3.

Why is the Enlightenment called the Age of Reason?

a)

People used logic to solve problems

b)

People followed religion more closely

c)

Kings ruled fairly

d)

Education declined

4.

Which idea states people are born with rights?

a)

Tyranny

b)

Absolutism

c)

Natural rights

d)

Mercantilism

5.

Which is an example of a natural right?

a)

Voting

b)

Property taxes

c)

Life

d)

Jury duty

6.

A social contract means —

a)

People give rulers unlimited power

b)

Government protects rights in exchange for obedience

c)

Laws cannot change

d)

Religion controls government

7.

Popular sovereignty means power comes from —

a)

The king

b)

The military

c)

The church

d)

The people

8.

Separation of powers prevents —

a)

Elections

b)

Lawmaking

c)

Abuse of power

d)

Representation

9.

Checks and balances allow branches to —

a)

Eliminate laws

b)

Control the people

c)

Share power equally

d)

Limit each other’s power

10.

Who holds power in a democracy?

a)

Judges

b)

Citizens

c)

Kings

d)

Priests

11.

In an autocracy, power is held by —

a)

One ruler

b)

The legislature

c)

Voters

d)

Courts

12.

In a theocracy, laws are based on —

a)

Constitutions

b)

Popular vote

c)

Religion

d)

Military rule

13.

A dictatorship is best described as —

a)

Rule by elected leaders

b)

Rule by law

c)

Rule by one person with total power

d)

Rule by citizens

14.

A constitutional government is limited by —

a)

Religion

b)

Military power

c)

Tradition

d)

Written laws

15.

Enlightenment ideas challenged monarchies by —

a)

Supporting divine right

b)

Encouraging absolute rule

c)

Promoting individual rights

d)

Defending tradition

16.

Who believed people are born with natural rights?

a)

Voltaire

b)

Montesquieu

c)

John Locke

d)

Rousseau

17.

John Locke believed governments exist to —

a)

Expand territory

b)

Protect natural rights

c)

Control religion

d)

Support monarchs

18.

Who supported separation of powers?

a)

Rousseau

b)

Locke

c)

Paine

d)

Montesquieu

19.

Voltaire is best known for supporting —

a)

Absolute monarchy

b)

Military rule

c)

Freedom of speech

d)

Social classes

20.

Rousseau believed power should come from —

a)

God

b)

Kings

c)

Nobles

d)

The people

21.

The general will refers to —

a)

The king’s wishes

b)

The church’s authority

c)

The people’s common good

d)

Military decisions

22.

Which thinker most influenced the Declaration of Independence?

a)

Rousseau

b)

Voltaire

c)

Montesquieu

d)

John Locke

23.

Enlightenment thinkers believed people could —

a)

Never question rulers

b)

Change unjust governments

c)

Accept tyranny

d)

Avoid politics

24.

Which idea MOST important to democracy?

a)

Natural rights

b)

Divine right

c)

Feudalism

d)

Absolutism

25.

Enlightenment ideas spread mainly through —

a)

Armies

b)

Churches

c)

Printing and education

d)

Kings

26.

Who ruled Great Britain during the American Revolution?

a)

George Washington

b)

King George III

c)

Napoleon

d)

Henry VIII

27.

Colonists believed King George III was a tyrant because he —

a)

Gave them freedom

b)

Protected rights

c)

Ignored complaints

d)

Lowered taxes

28.

Tyranny means —

a)

Fair leadership

b)

Abuse of power

c)

Self-rule

d)

Compromise

29.

Colonists protested taxes because —

a)

Taxes were optional

b)

Taxes helped colonies

c)

Colonists voted on them

d)

Colonists had no representation

30.

“No taxation without representation” means —

a)

Taxes were illegal

b)

Colonists wanted independence

c)

Taxes were unfair without a voice

d)

Colonists refused all laws

31.

The Stamp Act taxed —

a)

Tea

b)

Paper goods

c)

Imports

d)

Land

32.

The Townshend Acts placed taxes on —

a)

Local crops

b)

Property

c)

Exports

d)

Imported goods

33.

The Tea Act led to the —

a)

Stamp Act Congress

b)

Declaration of Independence

c)

Boston Tea Party

d)

French Revolution

34.

British trade laws hurt colonists by —

a)

Limiting trade

b)

Increasing wages

c)

Ending taxes

d)

Supporting independence

35.

British policies united colonies because they —

a)

Helped all colonists

b)

Increased freedom

c)

Were enforced equally

d)

Created shared grievances

36.

The main purpose of the Declaration was to —

a)

Start a war

b)

Lower taxes

c)

Declare independence

d)

Create laws

37.

The Declaration is like a breakup letter because it —

a)

Is emotional

b)

Explains reasons for separation

c)

Was private

d)

Was informal

38.

The Preamble explains —

a)

Complaints

b)

Rights

c)

Signatures

d)

Why independence is declared

39.

“Respect the opinions of mankind” means the colonists wanted to —

a)

Apologize

b)

Ask permission

c)

Explain their decision

d)

Avoid conflict

40.

Which are listed as inalienable rights?

a)

Equality, justice, freedom

b)

Life, liberty, happiness

c)

Life, liberty, pursuit of happiness

d)

Speech, religion, press

41.

Inalienable rights are rights that —

a)

Can be sold

b)

Must be earned

c)

Belong to kings

d)

Cannot be taken away

42.

Grievances are —

a)

Complaints

b)

Laws

c)

Rights

d)

Treaties

43.

Grievances were listed to —

a)

Attack Parliament

b)

Justify independence

c)

Create unity laws

d)

Start elections

44.

“Waging war against us” refers to —

a)

Trade disputes

b)

British military actions

c)

Tax collection

d)

Court rulings

45.

Before declaring independence, colonists —

a)

Ignored Britain

b)

Declared war

c)

Tried to fix the relationship

d)

Accepted tyranny

46.

According to the Declaration, power comes from —

a)

God

b)

The king

c)

Parliament

d)

The people

47.

If government fails to protect rights, people may —

a)

Obey anyway

b)

Alter or abolish it

c)

Leave the country

d)

Ignore laws

48.

The Declaration states the colonies are —

a)

Negotiating

b)

Loyal

c)

Free and independent

d)

Neutral

49.

Independence gave colonies the power to —

a)

Obey Britain

b)

End government

c)

Form alliances and trade

d)

Choose a king

50.

Britain viewed the Declaration as —

a)

Loyalty

b)

Negotiation

c)

Treason

d)

Peace

51.

A major economic cause of independence was —

a)

Enlightenment ideas

b)

British taxes and trade limits

c)

Religion

d)

Military conflict

52.

A major ideological cause of independence was —

a)

Wealth

b)

Land ownership

c)

Fear of war

d)

Natural rights

53.

Who wrote Common Sense?

a)

John Locke

b)

Thomas Paine

c)

Thomas Jefferson

d)

Ben Franklin

54.

Common Sense argued that —

a)

Monarchy was best

b)

Taxes were fair

c)

Independence was necessary

d)

Britain was right

55.

Colonists supported republicanism because they wanted —

a)

Kings

b)

Military rule

c)

Self-government

d)

Theocracy

56.

The French Revolution aimed to end —

a)

Equality

b)

Democracy

c)

Enlightenment

d)

Absolute monarchy

57.

The Haitian Revolution was led mainly by —

a)

Merchants

b)

Kings

c)

Enslaved people

d)

Priests

58.

The Haitian Revolution resulted in —

a)

Continued slavery

b)

Independence and abolition of slavery

c)

French control

d)

British rule

59.

Latin American revolutions were inspired by —

a)

Enlightenment ideas

b)

Feudalism

c)

Isolation

d)

Absolutism

60.

A similarity among major revolutions was —

a)

Support for monarchy

b)

Desire for Enlightenment ideas

c)

Identical outcomes

d)

Same leaders

61.

A key difference between American and Haitian Revolutions was —

a)

Enlightenment influence

b)

Use of violence

c)

Role of enslaved people

d)

Desire for independence

62.

Historians debate motivations because leaders were driven by —

a)

Only ideals

b)

Only selfish reasons

c)

Religion alone

d)

Ideals and self-interest

63.

Limited government is important because it —

a)

Strengthens rulers

b)

Protects rights

c)

Eliminates laws

d)

Ends elections

64.

Enlightenment ideas influence modern governments through —

a)

Monarchies

b)

Empires

c)

Constitutions and rights

d)

Tyranny

65.

The MOST important Enlightenment idea behind revolutions was —

a)

Feudalism

b)

Divine right

c)

Absolutism

d)

Natural rights

66.

Which Enlightened Thinker was the biggest proponent of natural rights?

a)

John Locke

b)

Immanuel Kant

c)

Diderot

d)

Voltaire

67.
Enlightenment philosopher who believed to limit government, that it should be divided into separate branches that shared power.
a)
John Locke
b)
Montesquieu
c)
Rousseau
d)
Voltaire
68.
Locke believed that a government's power came from its ___________________.
a)
A. army
b)
B. power
c)
C. people
d)
D. science
69.
What did Rousseau believe that governments should work toward?
a)
A Revolution against the monarchy
b)
Good Health
c)
Common Good
d)
No Taxes
70.

The _ branch enforces the law.

(a)  

71.

The _ branch makes laws.

(a)  

72.

Power of the president to refuse (forbid) a bill

a)

veto

b)

executive order

c)

table

d)

pigeonhole

73.

Which of the following can the president NOT DO?

a)

nominate supreme court justices

b)

send the Navy to the south Pacific

c)

declare war

d)

none of the given

74.
Congress is divided into two parts, the  _____________ and the _______________.
a)
Senate and House of Burgess
b)
White House and Senate
c)
President and Vice-President
d)
Senate and House of Representatives
75.
The President of the United States is in which branch of government? 
a)
Legislative Branch
b)
Judicial Branch
c)
Elective Brfanch
d)
Executive Branch
76.
Congress is in what branch of government?
a)
Executive Branch
b)
Elective Branch
c)
Legislative Branch
d)
Judicial Branch
77.
Dividing the government into 3 specific branches is called?
a)
Checks and Balances
b)
Tri-Government Balance
c)
Pyramid of Power
d)
Separation of Powers

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