WorksheetsIntroduction to Management and Early Perspectives
Total questions: 74
Worksheet time: 37mins
Which function of management involves setting goals and deciding how best to achieve them?
Planning and Decision Making
Controlling
Organizing
Leading
A group of people working together in a structured and coordinated fashion to achieve goals is defined as a(n):
Management team
Organization
Hierarchy
System
Which level of management is responsible for creating the organization's overall strategy and operating policies?
First-line managers
Middle managers
Top managers
Operations managers
Technical skills are most essential for which type of work?
Visualizing situational responses
Motivating groups
Thinking in the abstract
Understanding specific kinds of work done in an organization
True or False: Effective management means making the right decisions and successfully implementing them.
Only decisions matter
Only implementation matters
False
True
Which management perspective consists of two branches: scientific management and administrative management?
Quantitative perspective
Behavioral perspective
Classical perspective
Systems perspective
The perspective that emphasizes individual attitudes, behaviors, and group processes is the:
Contingency perspective
Behavioral perspective
Classical perspective
Quantitative perspective
Which view of management assumes that problems can be approached using rational, logical, objective, and systematic ways?
Management as an Art
Theory X
Management as a Science
Human Relations movement
According to the systems perspective, what is the term for two or more subsystems working together to produce more than the sum of their individual parts?
Transformation
Feedback
Synergy
Entropy
The "Human Relations" movement proposed that workers respond primarily to:
Physical lighting conditions
The social context of work
Mathematical production models
Piecework pay systems
Which management perspective focuses on decision making, mathematical models, and the use of computers?
Administrative
Classical
Quantitative
Behavioral
True or False: Theory Y is a pessimistic view of workers consistent with the views of scientific management.
True
Neither true nor false
False
Partly true
What is the primary focus of "Scientific Management"?
Enhancing social relationships at work
Improving individual worker productivity
Managing the total organization
Designing flexible organizational structures
Improving the performance of individual workers
Improving the performance of individual workers
Understanding group dynamics
Implementing global strategies
Which concept suggests that appropriate managerial behavior depends on unique elements in a given situation?
Contingency perspective
Universal perspective
Classical perspective
Systems perspective
A limitation of the Classical Management Perspective is that it:
Relies too heavily on intuition and instinct
Overemphasizes the importance of the social context
Slightly ignores the role of the individual in organizations
Is too complex for simple organizations
In the systems perspective, "Entropy" refers to:
The ability to think in the abstract
The conversion of resources into products
A normal process leading to system decline
A system that interacts with its environment
Which perspective is particularly useful in the areas of planning and controlling through decision-making tools?
Human Relations
Quantitative
Classical
Behavioral
The "Art of Management" relies heavily on which set of skills?
Technical and Diagnostic
Mathematical and Logical
Conceptual and Communication
Rational and Objective
The "Hawthorne Studies" initially focused on lighting but ultimately confirmed the importance of:
Eliminating "soldiering"
Human behavior in the workplace
Administrative guidelines
Scientific selection of employees
Which organizational behavior topic addresses how individuals view themselves versus how others see them?
Synergy
The Johari Window
Bounded Rationality
Theory X
Contemporary behavior science in management draws from which of the following fields?
Mathematics and Engineering
Physics and Chemistry
Psychology, Sociology, and Anthropology
History and Law
Theory X assumes that managers must:
Encourage innovation and responsibility
View work as a natural part of life
Coerce and threaten employees to get them to work
Rely on internal motivation of workers
One major challenge faced by managers today is:
Ignoring the external environment
Returning to "rule-of-thumb" methods
An increasingly diverse workforce
Implementing piecework pay systems
Everything outside an organization's boundaries that might affect it is the:
General environment
External environment
Task environment
Internal environment
Which dimension of the general environment refers to the methods available for converting resources into products?
Technological
Economic
Political-legal
Internal
Whoever pays money to acquire an organization's products or services is a:
Supplier
Competitor
Customer
Regulator
True or False: Ethics are an individual's personal beliefs about whether a behavior is right or wrong.
True
False
The governing body elected by stockholders to oversee a firm's management is the:
Interest group
Board of directors
Regulators
Strategic partners
True or False: A tariff is a limit placed on the number of goods that can be traded.
True
False
Organizational culture is the set of:
Laws and regulations governing a firm
Financial disclosures required by law
Physical conditions within a workplace
Values, beliefs, and behaviors that help members understand what the firm stands for
Which of the following is part of the Task Environment?
Technological dimension
Owners and Employees
Competitors and Suppliers
Economic dimension
An organization working with another in a joint venture is known as a:
Board of directors
Regulator
Strategic partner
Competitor
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires CEOs to personally vouch for:
Their employees' happiness
The truthfulness of their firm's financial disclosures
The quality of their marketing
Their competitors' practices
What is Social Responsibility?
The goal to maximize profit only
Obligations to protect and enhance the social context in which a firm functions
Compliance with international tax laws
The internal culture of a management team
Which international business level involves making a product domestically and selling it abroad?
Importing
Licensing
Direct investment
Exporting
True or False: Whistle-blowing is the disclosure by an employee of illegal or unethical conduct within the organization.
False
True
Which trade agreement was intended to reduce barriers and make it easier for all nations to compete?
MFN
EU
GATT
NAFTA
A firm that builds or purchases operating facilities in a foreign country is engaging in:
Exporting
Direct investment
Strategic alliance
Licensing
What is the Most Favored Nation principle?
Giving preference to domestic producers
Extending preferential trade treatment to all signatories of an agreement
Targeting specific nations for high tariffs
Limiting the value of goods exported
Which of the following is a formal dimension for managing social responsibility?
Leadership style
Whistle-blowing
Ethical compliance
Organizational culture
"Maquiladoras" are assembly plants in Mexico that are often:
Owned by the government
Located far from the U.S. border
Given special tax breaks by the Mexican government
Only used for high-tech research
Which dimension of culture determines the organization's "feel"?
Economic dimension
Legal compliance
Strategic goals
Organizational culture
A common argument against social responsibility is that:
It reduces ethical dilemmas
It distracts from profit maximization
It increases long-term competitiveness
It strengthens stakeholder trust
What is the primary starting point for an organization's culture?
The technological dimension
Current market trends
The organization's founder
Government regulation
Difficulties in international business can arise when there is little overlap between:
Strategic goals and tactical plans
Tariffs and quotas
A manager's home culture and the culture where business is conducted
Suppliers and customers
Which organization includes 164 member nations and establishes procedures for trade disputes?
The World Trade Organization (WTO)
The United Nations
The Global Trade Council
The European Union
An informal dimension of managing social responsibility is:
Legal compliance
Philanthropic giving
Organizational leadership and culture
Ethical training programs
Managers can maintain organizational culture by:
Changing the board of directors yearly
Focusing solely on technical skills
Ignoring symbols and stories
Rewarding people whose behaviors are consistent with the existing culture
The act of choosing one alternative from among a set of alternatives is:
Leading
Planning
Decision making
Organizing
A decision that is relatively structured or recurs with some frequency is a:
Nonprogrammed decision
Strategy
Programmed decision
Contingency
Under a state of certainty, the decision maker knows the alternatives and conditions with reasonable certainty.
True
False
Which situation occurs when a group's desire for cohesiveness overwhelms its desire for a good decision?
Bounded rationality
Groupthink
Satisficing
Synergy
A Delphi group is a form of decision making where a group arrives at a consensus of expert opinion.
False
True
Choosing a vacation destination is an example of a:
Standing plan
Nonprogrammed decision
Policy
Programmed decision
The tendency to search for alternatives only until one is found that meets a minimum standard is:
Optimizing
Satisficing
Planning
Risk-taking
In the rational decision-making process, what is the first step?
Implementing the alternative
Recognizing and defining the decision situation
Selecting the best alternative
Identifying alternatives
Which decision model argues that decision makers use incomplete information and are limited by bounded rationality?
Administrative model
Classical model
An informal alliance of individuals formed to achieve a common goal is a:
Task force
Subsystem
Coalition
Nominal group
When a decision maker stays with a decision even when it appears to be wrong, it is called:
Intuition
Risk propensity
Satisficing
Escalation of commitment
True or False: Nonprogrammed decisions are relatively unstructured and occur much less often than programmed decisions.
True
False
The Classical Decision Model assumes that managers are:
Logical and rational
Limited by values and reflexes
Likely to satisfice
Unaware of alternatives
Which group decision-making form involves members openly discussing and agreeing on the best alternative?
Coalition
Interacting group
Delphi group
Nominal group
Evidence-Based Management involves a commitment to:
Uncritical benchmarking
Finding and using the best theory and data available
Ignoring hard facts
Using strongly held untested beliefs
Bounded rationality suggests that decision makers are limited by:
The board of directors
Their values, unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits
Market growth rates
Perfect information
One advantage of group decision making is that:
It always results in compromise
One person can dominate the group
More alternatives are likely to be generated
It is faster than individual decision making
To promote effectiveness in group decision making, a manager should:
Avoid setting deadlines
Assign the role of devil’s advocate to a member
Make their position known as early as possible
Encourage groupthink
A condition of risk is one where:
No alternatives are known
The decision maker knows all consequences with certainty
Ambiguity is at its lowest level
Alternatives and payoffs are associated with probability estimates
Which step of rational decision making involves evaluating an alternative’s feasibility and satisfactoriness?
Step 3
Step 2
Step 1
Step 4
A structured technique used specifically to generate creative and innovative ideas is the:
Interacting group
Nominal group
Administrative model
Evidence-based model
An innate belief about something without conscious consideration is:
Intuition
Satisficing
Bounded rationality
A programmed decision
Which principle of Evidence-Based Management suggests treating your organization as an unfinished prototype?
Avoiding uncritical benchmarking
Looking for risks
Encouraging experimentation and learning by doing
Facing hard facts
A major disadvantage of group decision making is that:
It takes more time to reach decisions
Less information is available
Decisions are always superior to individual ones
Differences never emerge
Which statement best describes a disadvantage of group decision making in organizations?
It always reduces implementation time and costs
Compromise decisions resulting from indecisiveness may emerge
It consistently outperforms expert individual judgment
Communication problems are eliminated by group meetings
