Vancomycin trough level?

Target vancomycin trough in severe infection?

Your colleague has had contact with a Clostridioides difficile patient and used disinfectant wipes. What should be done?

Vancomycin optimum trough concentration (mg/L).

Cyclosporine is given. Which medication is safe to give with it?

Pregnant patient with HIV and viral load < $$100$$ . Which medication is given in delivery?

Gentamicin peak?

Mechanism of azole antifungals in fungi?

Ciprofloxacin reaches which tissues first?

Tetracycline accumulation occurs where?

What is endotoxin?

What is exotoxin?

Best treatment for Staphylococcus aureus–positive mastitis?

Patient taking vancomycin: when should the nurse withdraw a trough vancomycin level?

After tooth extraction, antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis is most needed for which condition?

Ebola effect?

A 2-year skin infection in a patient with penicillin allergy: which treatment should be taken?

Which bacteria cause milk fermentation?

Which antibiotic causes hyperkalemia?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa appearance in Gram stain?

Immunoglobulin analysis shows positive IgG and IgM. What is the type of infection?

Which of the following is an appropriate empiric treatment for meningitis?

Epileptic patient on phenytoin: which antibiotic is suitable?

Transmission of Brucella species?

Most effective infection control in hospital?

Antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 30S subunit at site A inhibit which process?

Antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit at site A inhibit which process?

Patient with E. coli UTI received TMP/SMX, but the organism is resistant. What is the most appropriate alternative?

Clostridioides difficile causes which condition?

Which type of cephalosporin has the least effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A 65-year-old diabetic man is admitted to the emergency department with a 3-day history of productive cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Chest X-ray shows bilateral lower infiltration. An H1N1 virus was detected in a nasal swab. Which of the following antivirals is the drug of choice in this case?

Which of the following drugs exhibits dose-dependent pharmacokinetics at normal therapeutic doses?

The ionization of the drug is very important to understand the pharmacodynamic of the drug. Which of the following forms are absorbed from the stomach?

How long does it take for the body to remove 99% of the drug by first-order elimination after a single dose?

The graphs represent quantal dose–response curves for the effect and lethality of a drug. What is the drug’s therapeutic index?

Which of the following is a common enzyme polymorphism that could potentially alter clopidogrel efficacy?

A 55-year-old man comes to the pharmacy complaining that acetaminophen with codeine started 2 days ago to manage post-operative pain does not seem any better than acetaminophen alone. Pharmacogenomics testing performed 3 years ago showed he is a CYP2D6 poor metabolizer. Which is the best explanation why this patient does not seem to benefit from codeine?

Which of the following drugs will have decreased absorption when given with dietary calcium?

Which of the following drugs is known to have significant variable bioavailability due to its extensive hepatic metabolism upon oral administration?

Which of the following drugs complexes with dairy products or with antacids when administered orally?

Carbamazepine (pKa = $$13.2$$ ) is an antiepileptic drug used in the treatment of status epilepticus. This condition requires fast intervention with carbamazepine injection. Which of the following is most likely to describe what will happen if carbamazepine was given orally?

A dose of $$500$$ mg of a drug is administered to a patient, and the plasma concentration results at the indicated times are shown. Which of the following is the half-life of the drug?

A $$500$$ -mg dose of aspirin was given intravenously to a patient and produced an initial plasma concentration of $$100$$ mg/L. If the half-life of the drug is $$6.93$$ hours, what would be the total body clearance?

Which one of the following medications is known to be a powerful enzyme inducer?

Which of the following is the mechanism by which phenobarbital can decrease the therapeutic efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants when administered at the same time?

A 50-year-old man on warfarin therapy started drinking an herbal tea (one gallon daily). A week later his INR dropped to $$1.35$$ ; prior to that time, his INR had been in the range of $$2.5$$ – $$3$$ . Once the herbal tea was discontinued, the patient’s INR came back up to $$2.50$$ . Which of the following is the content of the herbal tea extract?

Which of the following ranges of volume of distribution is deduced for warfarin (anticoagulant) that is $$98\%$$ bound to proteins?

Elderly patient: what happens with absorption?

Which of the following has high protein binding?

Drug should not be used with ciprofloxacin. Which one?

Drug acid: where will there be high excretion?

Which antifungal binds more to CYP450?

Drug enhanced its absorption with ranitidine. Which one?

Rifampicin effect on CYP3A4?

Which of the following decreases the effect of warfarin?

Which of the following increases the effect of warfarin?

Sodium bicarbonate (antacid) makes an elimination of which ionizable drug?

Drug enhanced its absorption with ranitidine. Which one?

What does linear pharmacokinetics mean?

Which of the following is a characteristic cholesterol?

Which of the following best describes the main pharmacological property of cholestyramine?

Drugs for dyslipidemia: which causes interaction with multiple chronic disease?

Which side effect can be caused by statin therapy?

A 57-year-old man with liver cirrhosis and ascites and a Child-Pugh class score of $$8$$ is having severe pain due to injury. What would be the recommended medication?

Patient on TPN for $$17$$ days: all liver enzymes are high except albumin is normal; amylase and lipase are normal. What’s the complication of TPN in this patient?

Patient with lab results high GGT, high ALT, and high AST; what disease?

Simvastatin — best time to take it?

Which of the following drugs is used for premature ejaculation?

Which of the following medication is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia?

Which of the following medications is an anti-androgen?

Which of the following marketing mix contains market cover assortments?

What is the main purpose of pharmacy marketing jobs?

What is the principle of marketing — options are to:

A pharmacist wants to increase advertisement for his pharmacy; what is the best questionnaire he can do?

Which of the following marketing mix contains market cover assortments?

You have a pharmacy and want to sell it; the buyer asks for sales and profits — what do you give?

Before marketing Phase 4:

Price of a product was increased from 100 SA Riyals to 105 SA Riyals, resulting in a decline in demand from 120 to 80. Which type of demand does this product follow?

Which enzyme inhibits bacterial cell wall?

Which of the following drugs is found under the narcotic classification?

Which of the following statements best describes drug dependence?

How long should the control drug be administered by IV route?

What is required in a narcotic prescription option?

Drug causes A constipation or B depression or C withdrawal symptoms — select the combination that matches A/B/C.

Drug causes A constipation or B depression or C dependence symptoms — select the combination that matches A/B/C.

Which decreases the minimum alveolar concentration for anesthetic drugs?

A patient takes oral morphine 90 mg daily and wants to replace it with a transdermal fentanyl patch. What patch strength should be used?

A patient uses morphine 50 mg twice daily and wants to change to a transdermal fentanyl patch. What patch strength should be used?

A 23-year-old drug addict man presents with severe agitation and excitement. He was administered intravenous diazepam with no improvement. Which of the following is the most likely drug he was addicted to?

A 10-year-old boy has fever, sore throat, and non-productive cough for 1 day. Which regimen is best for non-productive cough?

Patient with runny nose needs fast relief of congestion; which option is best?

Which of the following drugs has a high abuse potential?

How to measure pain in a child?

Which of the following drugs has both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity?

A 4-week infant is diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. The doctor wants to avoid performing surgery. Which drug will be administered to avoid surgical closure?

Which instruction should be provided to a patient receiving fentanyl transdermal patches?

A 60-year-old man with history of myocardial infarction and gout presents with acute flare-associated pain and cannot take colchicine. What is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy recommendation?

An 88-year-old frail woman with osteoarthritis has difficulty walking and pain and has failed numerous aids. She has no other medical history. Which drug is the best recommendation?

A 65-year-old woman with osteoarthritis is prescribed naproxen 500 mg twice daily. Which adverse effect is seen with long-term use of naproxen?

Which NSAID has the longest duration of action?

A 28-year-old woman who is 8 months pregnant has been taking naproxen 500 mg twice daily for 4 weeks to treat severe backache. Which health issue at the time of birth puts the neonate at higher risk?

Which of the following drugs has both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity?

Which of the following is the mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory action of aspirin?

Aspirin is dispensed to an infant as antipyretic, which of the following we should ask before dispensing the medication?

Patient has osteoarthritis in knee?

Which of the following antigout medications acts by decreasing serum levels but increasing urine levels of uric acid, thus increasing the risk of kidney stone development?

What is the ibuprofen and aspirin drug–drug interaction?

Plant Alkaloid uses in acute gout attack?

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors uses in gout?

Elderly renal pt?

NSAIDs low git risk?

Drug not use in gout patient?

Which of the following is the most appropriate advice to give to asthmatic patients as non-pharmacological management?

Which of the following counselling points is best to discuss with a patient who is taking levothyroxine?

Which of the following is considered intentional non-adherence?

Drug used after trial in hospital?

Which of the following have means that individuals have the capacity to understand basic health information to make appropriate health decisions?

Which of the following communication techniques is the most appropriate that the message you want to deliver to a patient (or healthcare provider) is received correctly?

Which of the following strategies are used with low literacy patients to encourage them to change their behavior?

Which of the following strategies are used with older adult patients to encourage them to change their behavior?

Which one of the following question's types is used to identify a certain piece of information?

Which one of the following questioning techniques uses hints and aid patients in answering questions?

A 62-year-old man who just had a needle biopsy of pancreas adenocarcinoma. A pharmacist saw his brother in the hall, and him not to tell the patient because the knowledge would be very on his health. A family conference to discuss the prognosis is scheduled for later that afternoon. What is the way for the healthcare practitioner to handle the situation?

Which of the following communication skills can help patient complete their train of thought?