WorksheetsSono2080 Midterm Study Guide
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 30mins
Cells that are organized into layers or masses that have common functions are known as
Organelles
Atoms
Tissue
Body systems
Which body system regulates body chemistry and many body functions?
Urinary
Endocrine
Digestive
Circulatory
The pancreas is located in which abdominal region?
Right lumbar
Epigastric
Left iliac
Hypogastric
Which plane passes through the hilum of the kidneys?
Transpyloric
Midinguinal
Intertubercular
Subcostal
The linea alba is found in the
Abdominal wall
Median accurate ligament
External oblique muscle
Crus of the diaphragm
The membrane that covers an internal organ is known as the
Greater omentum
Mesotheliom
Visceral peritoneum
Parietal peritoneum
The adrenal glands may be found
Along the superior medial border of the kidneys
Along the inferior medial border of the kidneys
Along the lateral border of the kidneys
Along the superior lateral border of the kidneys
The clinical significance of peritoneal recesses is
Hydronephrosis may accumulate in the recesses
Organs may be displaced into the recesses
Gallstones may collect in the recesses
Fluid and infection may accumulate in the recesses
The portal veins carry blood from the
Intestinal tract
Splenic artery
Hepatic artery
Peripheral venous system
The celiac trunk branches into three vessels. The cystic artery is one of these three vessels. True or False?
True
False
The portal venous system receives blood from the kidneys. True or False
True
False
What vessel passes anterior to the third part of the duodenum and posterior to the neck of the pancreas?
Superior mesenteric vein
Splenic vein
Inferior mesenteric vein
Renal artery
The duodenum and parts of the stomach are supplied by the
Splenic artery and left gastric artery
Gastroduodenal artery and right gastric artery
Superior mesenteric artery
Hepatic artery and cystic artery
Which vessels pass anterior to the uncinate process of the pancreas?
Hepatic artery
Left renal vein
Superior mesenteric artery
Portal vein
The distribution of the superior mesenteric artery is to the
Distal half of the colon and the liver
Proximal half of the colon and the small intestines
Large intestine and the distal half of the colon
Small intestine and the distal half of the colon
Which vein begins at the hilum of the spleen joining the short gastric and left gastroepiploic vein?
Splenic
Superior mesenteric
Portal
Pancreatic
The most common site for echinococcus growth is in the
Liver
Pancreas
Spleen
Kidneys
The amebic abscess may reach the liver through the
Hepatic artery
Inferior vena cava
Portal vein
Bile duct
What benign liver tumor is located near the free edge of the liver and is solitary, well-circumscribed, and a nonencapsulated multinodular mass?
Hepatic adenoma
Focal nodular hyperplasia
Cavernous hemangioma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Common malignancies affecting the pediatric population include hepatoblastoma. True or False?
True
False
An abnormal decrease in platelets may be the result of an
Allergic reaction
Internal hemorrhage
Infection
Bone marrow disorder
The normal sonographic appearance of the splenic parenchyma is
Homogeneous and slightly more echogenic than the liver
Hypoechoic compared with the kidney
Hyperechoic compared with the liver
Heterogeneous
In the early stages of sickle cell anemia, the spleen generally appears
Enlarged
Atrophied
Heterogeneous
Hyperechoic
The statement describes the correct anatomic location of structures adjacent to the spleen: The left kidney lies inferior and medial to the spleen. True or False?
True
False
The function of the spleen: destruction of white blood cells. True or False?
True
False
The splenic artery courses along the
Inferior border
Superior border
Anterior surface
Posterior surface
If the celiac axis is well visualized, the sonographers should move the transducer in the direction to image the pancreas.
Superior
Lateral
Inferior
Oblique
The main pancreatic duct joins the before entering the second part of the duodenum.
Hepatic duct
Cystic duct
Splenic vein
CBD
Clinical signs and symptoms of acute pancreatitis include severe lower abdominal pain radiating to the right shoulder. True or False?
True
False
The most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the United States is
Biliary tract disease
Alcohol abuse
Pancreatic trauma
Viral infection
The exocrine function of the pancreas is performed by the
Islets of Langerhans
Acini cells
Beta cells
Alpha cells
Gallstones are present in 40% to 60% of patients with
Chronic pancreatitis
Pancreatic carcinoma
Acute pancreatitis
Diabetes mellitus
In cases of acute pancreatitis, the parenchyma of the pancreas generally appears
Hyperechoic
Anechoic
Isoechoic
Hypoechoic
The mesentery projects from the parietal peritoneum attaching to the
Large intestine
Duodenum
Stomach
Small intestine
Which structure is often visualized on a sagittal ultrasound as a 'bull's eye' or target pattern anterior to the aorta and posterior to the left lobe of the liver?
Pancreatic duct
Common bile duct
Ligamentum teres
Gastroesophageal junction
The statement about gastric carcinoma: Gastric carcinoma is the ninth leading cause of death. True or False?
True
False
The sonographic characteristics of lymphoma of the stomach include: relatively large and hyperechoic appearance. True or False?
True
False
Small bowel obstruction is associated with
Dilation of the bowel loops distal to the site of the obstruction
Dilation of the bowel loops proximal to the site of the obstruction
Collapsed bowel loops proximal to the site of the obstruction
Polyploid masses throughout the obstruction
Acute appendicitis may be seen on a transverse sonogram as a
Hypoechoic
Hyperechoic
Target-shaped
Anechoic
The target-shaped body is located in the midline anterior to the pancreas body.
Fundus
Body
Gastric antrum
Pyloric canal
The best way to distinguish the hepatic from the portal veins is portal veins empty into the inferior vena cava. True or False?
True
False
The primary functions of the liver include bile storage. True or False?
true
false
The statement regarding collateral circulation: The veins of the ascending colon anastamose with the portal vein. True or False?
True
false
Which is noted in type 1 glycogen storage disease?
hypoechioc liver with splenomegaly
normal liver echotexture
hyperechoic, attenuating liver, and hepatomegaly
calcified hepatic lesions
The common bile duct is joined by the main pancreatic duct. Together they open through the ____ into the duodenal wall.
Ampulla of Vater
sphincter of Oddi
ligament of Treitz
hepatopancreatic recess
A fusiform dilation of the common bile duct is known as ____.
Biliary atresia
choledochal cyst
cholangiocarcinoma
gallstone ileus
Inflammation of the gallbladder is known as ____.
Cholangitis
pancreatitis
hepatitis
cholecystitis
A condition causing RUQ pain in which small polyploid masses from the gallbladder wall demonstrating “comet tail” artifact is ___.
Gallbladder carcinoma
acute cholecystitis
adenomyomatosis
biliary sludge
The sonographic appearance of cholelithiasis is best described as ____.
Mobile echogenic focus demonstrating a comet tail artifact
fixed hypoechoic mass
non-mobile anechoic focus
diffuse gallbladder wall thickening
The most common cause of biliary ductal obstruction is the presence of a ductal ___.
Polyp
tumor
parasite
hematoma
A thick calcified gallbladder wall describes which condition?
Acute cholecystitis
emphysematous cholecystitis
porcelain gallbladder
gallbladder hydrops
Which best describes non-shadowing, low-amplitude echoes in a dependent gallbladder?
Gallstones
sludge
polyps
air
The statement about the spleen: The spleen is located within the retroperitoneum. True or False?
true
false
Lymph nodes emerge from the splenic hilum and course along the ___.
Renal vein
splenic artery
splenic vein
renal artery
Splenomegaly may result from the subphrenic abscess. True or False?
True
false
The sonographic findings of Crohn’s disease may include calcification. True or False?
true
false
A lymphocele may be defined as a ___.
Lymph-filled space without a distinct epithelial lining
blood-filled cystic structure
encapsulated abscess containing pus
serous fluid collection with epithelial lining
The superior portion of the subhepatic space is called ____.
Lesser sac
Morison’s pouch
Hepatopetal recess
subphrenic space
The ___ is able to adhere to diseased organs.
Lesser omentum
mesentery
greater omentum
falciform ligament
On ultrasound, a discrete linear echogenicity in the deepest layer of the anterior abdominal wall is the ____.
Posterior rectus sheath
linea alba
subcutaneous fascia
peritoneal line
