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WorksheetsMT Exam Review: Muscular System Terminology and Pathology
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 6hrs 10mins
Which suffix best indicates surgical suturing of a muscle or tendon?
-rrhaphy indicates surgical suturing
-otomy indicates surgical suturing
-lysis indicates surgical suturing
-plasty indicates surgical suturing
A patient with muscle weakness that worsens with activity is being evaluated. Which diagnostic test from the list is most appropriate to assess electrical activity in muscles?
Blood CK levels for electrical activity
MRI scan for electrical activity
Muscle biopsy for electrical activity
Electromyography (EMG) for electrical activity
Which combining form refers specifically to muscle tissue?
fasci/o
fibr/o
tendin/o
my/o
Which diagnostic procedure records electrical activity in skeletal muscle to assess neuromuscular function?
Muscle biopsy under local
Electromyography (EMG)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Blood tests for CK levels
Which term best describes abnormally slow movement with difficulty initiating voluntary muscle movements?
Dystrophy involving progressive muscle wasting
Rhabdomyolysis causing muscle fiber breakdown
Myasthenia causing fluctuating muscle weakness
Bradykinesia involving slow movement initiation
A patient with Parkinson’s disease shows shuffling gait and decreased facial movement. Which condition is most consistent?
Bradykinesia linked to neurological disorders
Myasthenia gravis autoimmune weakness
Rhabdomyolysis after intense heat exposure
Duchenne muscular dystrophy inheritance
Myasthenia gravis most characteristically presents with which symptom pattern?
Drooping eyelids and dysphagia improving with rest
Constant tremor and slowed initiation of motion
Dark urine with severe diffuse muscle pain
Childhood-onset progressive calf pseudohypertrophy
A teenager has progressive difficulty walking and respiratory decline. Which diagnosis fits best?
Muscular dystrophy with progressive degeneration
Bradykinesia due to Parkinsonian features
Myasthenia gravis improving with rest
Rhabdomyolysis after medication exposure
Which condition is defined as inflammation of a tendon due to overuse injuries or repetitive strain?
Tendinitis
Fibromyalgia
Strain injury
Muscle cramp
Strain is best described as which of the following?
Overstretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon
Inflammation of a joint capsule lining
Rupture of a blood vessel near muscle
Partial dislocation of a joint structure
Which common cause is MOST associated with recurring muscle cramps during athletic practice on a hot day?
Dehydration leading to electrolyte loss
Viral infection of muscle tissue
Autoimmune attack on tendons
Congenital neck muscle anomaly
Which condition involves permanent tightening of a muscle, tendon, or ligament that restricts joint movement?
Muscle cramps
Tendinitis
Strain
Contractures
Which term best defines myorrhexis?
Pain originating from muscle tissue
Inflammation of the muscle fascia
Degeneration of motor neurons
Rupture or tearing of a muscle
A basketball player feels a sudden pop and severe pain after overstretching the quadriceps. Which condition is most likely?
Myorrhexis due to excessive force
Tendinitis from chronic overuse
Myositis from bacterial infection
Neuropathy from nerve compression
Which scenario is a common cause of compartment syndrome?
Autoimmune attack on myelin
Viral infection causing myositis
Crushing injury leading to swelling
Simple muscle cramp after exercise
Which diagnostic test is most appropriate to visualize a suspected rotator cuff tear?
EMG to record motor unit spikes
MRI to show soft tissues clearly
Muscle biopsy to assess cells
X-ray to evaluate bone density
Which best describes the role of creatine kinase (CK) in clinical testing?
A hormone regulating calcium in bone tissue
An enzyme producing ATP in muscle tissues
A protein transporting oxygen in red cells
A lipid storing energy in adipose tissue
What does the suffix -tomy most accurately mean in medical terminology?
Cutting into a structure
Suturing a structure
Viewing inside a structure
Reshaping a structure
Tenorrhaphy is best defined as which procedure?
Cutting fascia to decompress
Suturing a torn tendon
Repairing a muscle belly
Loosening a stiff tendon
In the term tenorrhaphy, what does the combining form ten/o specifically refer to?
Cartilage at a joint
Muscle of the thigh
Tendon within the limb
Fascia around muscle
Thermogenesis in the muscular system is best defined as
Heat production from ATP usage
Energy storage within adipose tissue
Cooling of blood via sweating
Conversion of lactic acid to ATP
A patient with weak intercostal muscles would most likely have difficulty with
Producing joint stability
Protecting abdominal viscera
Maintaining body temperature
Breathing and effective respiration
Muscles can only ____, not ____.
rotate; push
push; pull
pull; push
stretch; pull
Rotating the forearm so the palm faces downward is termed what?
Pronation of the forearm
Supination of the forearm
Inversion at the ankle
Dorsiflexion at the ankle
Which scenario illustrates mandibular retraction?
Pulling the chin backward
Pushing the chin forward
Opening the mouth wide
Clenching the teeth hard
Which pair correctly matches structure and movement example?
Scapula—shrugging is depression
Mandible—biting down is elevation
Mandible—opening mouth is elevation
Scapula—shrugging is retraction
Which muscle primarily raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead?
Trapezius
Deltoid
Temporalis
Frontalis
Which muscle elevates and retracts the mandible during chewing?
Biceps brachii
Pectoralis major
Frontalis
Temporalis
The flexor carpi muscle group primarily produces which action at the wrist?
Wrist pronation and finger flexion
Wrist supination and finger extension
Wrist extension and hand abduction
Wrist flexion and hand flexion
Which function is shared by all three named hamstring muscles?
Knee extension
Hip abduction
Foot inversion
Knee flexion
Which sequence correctly lists skeletal muscle organization from largest to smallest structure?
Muscle, fascicle, muscle fiber, myofibril, sarcomere
Muscle, muscle fiber, fascicle, myofibril, sarcomere
Muscle fiber, muscle, fascicle, sarcomere, myofibril
Fascicle, muscle, muscle fiber, sarcomere, myofibril
Which connective tissue layer surrounds fascicles within a muscle?
Perimysium
Peritoneum
Endomysium
Epimysium
Which intramuscular injection site is commonly used for vaccines due to easy access?
Deltoid muscle of upper arm
Dorsogluteal region of buttock
Vastus medialis of inner thigh
Rectus femoris of anterior thigh
Which site is preferred for infants because it is a large muscle on the outside of the upper thigh?
Ventrogluteal site of hip
Deltoid muscle of shoulder
Dorsogluteal site of buttock
Vastus lateralis of lateral thigh
Which provider most often coordinates long‑term prevention strategies for sports‑related injuries across a team?
Occupational therapist (OT)
Orthopedic surgeon
Sports medicine physician
Athletic trainer (AT)
Physical therapist (DPT)
Which professional primarily uses hands-on techniques to relax muscles, reduce pain, and improve circulation and wellness?
Neurologist treating nervous system diseases
Chiropractor adjusting spine and joints
Massage therapist applying manual techniques
Physiatrist directing rehabilitation programs
A patient with chronic low back pain seeks non-surgical care focused on manual spine adjustments. Which provider is the best first referral?
Physiatrist for rehabilitation oversight
Massage therapist for relaxation sessions
Chiropractor for spinal manipulation
Neurologist for nerve conduction studies
What does the prefix "bi-" mean in medical terminology?
Three
Two
Slow
Difficult
Which prefix means "slow"?
tri-
brady-
dys-
bi-
What is the meaning of the prefix "dys-"?
Fast
Difficult, painful, bad
Two
Coordination
The prefix "tri-" refers to:
Three
Two
Slow
Muscle
What does the root "fascio" refer to?
Muscle
Fascia (fibrous band)
Movement
Tendon
The root "fibro" means:
Fibrous tissue
Coordination
Tone
Hernia
What is the meaning of the root "kinesio"?
Muscle
Movement
Tension
Rupture
What is the meaning of the suffix "-lysis"?
Destruction, breakdown, loosening
Suturing
Paralysis
Coordination
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -ia mean?
Condition
Inflammation
Surgical repair
Pain
In medical terminology, what does the combining form rhabdomy/o mean?
Rod-shaped, striated muscle (skeletal muscle)
Smooth muscle of organs
Muscle pain
Muscle weakness
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -asthenia mean?
Weakness
Pain
Cutting into
Inflammation
In medical terminology, what does the combining form troph/o mean?
Development or nourishment
Surgical repair
Rupture
Neck
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -itis mean?
Inflammation
Pain
Rupture
Suturing
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -algia mean?
Pain
Weakness
Process of recording
Surgical repair
In medical terminology, what do tortus or tort/i mean?
Twisted
Straight
Rapid
Short
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -rrhexis mean?
Rupture
Suturing
Inflammation
Nourishment
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -otomy mean?
To cut into
Surgical suturing
Surgical repair
Process of recording
In medical terminology, what does the combining form electr/o mean?
Electricity or electrical activity
Muscle contraction
Nerve pain
Joint movement
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -graphy refer to?
The process of recording
Inflammation of a structure
Suturing tissue
Destruction of tissue
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -rrhaphy mean?
Surgical suturing
Rupture
Weakness
Cutting into
In medical terminology, what does the suffix -plasty mean?
Surgical repair
Pain
Inflammation
Recording
Which description best fits the condition Compartment syndrome as it relates to the muscular system?
Painful pressure buildup within a muscle compartment that impairs blood flow and tissue function
Sudden involuntary contraction of a single muscle due to electrolyte imbalance
Degenerative weakening of neuromuscular junction causing fatigable weakness
Acute bacterial toxin–mediated paralysis with loss of acetylcholine release
Which description best fits the condition Torticollis (“wry neck”) as it relates to the muscular system?
Involuntary contraction of neck muscles causing the head to tilt or rotate
Autoimmune attack on acetylcholine receptors leading to fluctuating weakness
Breakdown of skeletal muscle releasing myoglobin into the bloodstream
Progressive genetic degeneration of skeletal muscles in childhood
Which description best fits Contractures as they relate to the muscular system?
Permanent shortening of muscle or connective tissue that limits joint motion
Transient, painful spasm of a muscle due to overuse or dehydration
Tearing of muscle fibers with acute pain and swelling
Inflammation of the tendon sheath from repetitive strain
Which description best fits Muscle Cramps as they relate to the muscular system?
Sudden, involuntary, painful muscle contractions
Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain with fatigue
Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder with fatigable weakness
Bacterial toxin–induced sustained muscle rigidity
Which description best fits Muscle Strain as it relates to the muscular system?
Overstretching or tearing of muscle or tendon fibers causing pain and swelling
Localized inflammatory pressure in a fascial compartment
Genetic disorder causing progressive muscle wasting
Autoimmune disorder impairing neuromuscular transmission
Which description best fits Fibromyalgia as it relates to the muscular system?
Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain with tenderness and fatigue
Inflammation of a tendon due to overuse
Painful muscle spasm from electrolyte imbalance
Progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle fibers
Which description best fits Muscular Dystrophy (Duchenne MD) as it relates to the muscular system?
X‑linked genetic disorder with progressive degeneration and weakness of skeletal muscles
Autoimmune disorder impairing acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
Painful pressure elevation within fascial compartments of limbs
Breakdown of muscle releasing myoglobin and CK into circulation
Which description best fits Rhabdomyolysis as it relates to the muscular system?
Acute breakdown of skeletal muscle with release of myoglobin that can cause kidney injury
Inflammation of muscle fibers from autoimmune attack
Fixed shortening of muscles limiting joint movement
Neuromuscular junction failure producing fatigable weakness
Which description best fits Tetanus as it relates to the muscular system?
Bacterial toxin causes sustained muscle rigidity and spasms
Autoimmune blockade of neuromuscular transmission causing weakness
Acute ischemic pressure injury within muscle compartments
Genetic degeneration of motor neurons leading to weakness
Which description best fits Botulism as it relates to the muscular system?
Clostridial toxin blocks acetylcholine release causing flaccid paralysis
Sustained involuntary contractions resulting in rigid posture
Immune-mediated inflammation of tendons and sheath
Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain with fatigue
Which description best fits Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) as it relates to the muscular system?
Genetic degeneration of anterior horn motor neurons causing progressive muscle weakness and atrophy
X‑linked mutation causing progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle fibers
Autoimmune attack at neuromuscular junction producing fatigable weakness
Acute rhabdomyolysis from severe exertion with myoglobinuria
Which description best fits Cerebral palsy (CP) as it relates to movement and muscles?
Nonprogressive motor disorder from early brain injury causing abnormal muscle tone and movement
Autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular junction causing episodic weakness
Genetic defect of muscle protein causing progressive weakness
Acute toxin-mediated blockade of neuromuscular transmission
Muscular system diagnostic tests: How are blood tests measuring CK/CPK enzyme levels used in medical practice for patients?
They screen for anemia to determine red blood cell counts.
They indicate muscle fiber injury when levels are elevated, helping diagnose conditions like involving skeletal muscles, heart or brain injury
They evaluate liver enzyme activity to assess hepatic function.
They assess bone density to identify osteoporosis.
Muscular system diagnostic tests: How is MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) used in medical practice for patients?
It provides detailed images of soft tissues to identify muscle and tendon tears, inflammation, or edema.
It measures electrical activity in skeletal muscles to detect neuropathies.
It quantifies CK/CPK enzymes in blood to confirm muscle breakdown.
It surgically removes scar tissue around tendons to improve motion.
Muscular system diagnostic tests: How is a muscle biopsy used in medical practice for patients?
It collects a tissue sample for microscopic examination to diagnose myopathies, dystrophies, or inflammation.
It produces cross‑sectional images to visualize tendon injury without surgery.
It sutures a torn tendon to restore continuity and strength.
It measures nerve conduction velocity to detect peripheral neuropathy.
Muscular system procedures: How is a fasciotomy used to help patient outcomes?
By incising fascia to relieve elevated compartment pressure and restore perfusion.
By suturing the ends of a torn tendon to re‑establish continuity.
By freeing a tendon from adhesions to improve gliding motion.
By reshaping a muscle belly for cosmetic enhancement.
Muscular system procedures: How is a tenolysis used to help patient outcomes?
By releasing adhesions around a tendon to restore smooth gliding and movement.
By suturing a ruptured tendon to regain tensile strength.
By excising tight fascia to reduce compartment pressures.
By removing necrotic muscle to prevent infection spread.
Muscular system procedures: How is a tenorrhaphy used to help patient outcomes?
By cutting fascia to decompress a compartment and improve circulation.
By surgically suturing a torn tendon to restore continuity and function.
By releasing scar adhesions around a tendon to increase range of motion.
By reconstructing a muscle using a transfer to augment strength.
Muscular system procedures: How is a myoplasty used to help patient outcomes?
By reconstructing or transferring muscle to repair defects and restore function.
By removing an inflamed bursa to reduce pain and swelling.
By cutting fascia to decrease intracompartmental pressure.
By fusing a joint to eliminate motion and relieve pain.
match
rotation in which palm moves to face downward
pronation
rotation in which the palm moves to face upward
supination
movement away from the midline
lateral
movement toward the midline
medial
doing the "twist" with your foot
rotation
Name the highlighted muscle
pectoralis major
biceps
triceps
deltoid
Name the highlighted muscle
quadraceps
hamsting
rectus abdominals
deltoid
Name the highlighted muscle
transvers abdominals
rectus abdominals
external obliques
internal obliques
Name the highlighted muscle
pectorals
deltoid
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
Name the highlighted muscle
latissimus dorsi
obliques
rhomboids
deltoid
Name the highlighted muscle
rectus abdominals
transverse abdominals
external obliques
internal obliques
Name the highlighted mucles
hamstring
quadricep
soleus
gastrocnemius
Name the highlighted muscle
tricpes
biceps
rectus femoris
trapezius
Name this muscle
Gastrocnemius
Quadricep
Gluteus Maximus
Hamstring
Gluteus Maximus
Hamstring
Quadricep
External Oblique
Name this movement
inversion
eversion
adduction
abduction
Name this movement
adduction
abduction
inversion
eversion
Name this movement
adduction
abduction
flexion
extension
Identify the joint action being performed.
Inversion
Eversion
Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion
What movement is occurring here?
Eversion
Flexion
Dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion
Name this movement
extension
flexion
adduction
abduction
Deltoids get their name because of
their location (bones near to it)
their size
their direction
their number of origins
their shape
Triceps get their name because of
their location (bones near to it)
their size
their direction
their number of origins
their shape
Oblique muscle fibers run diagonal to the body midline is an example of how muscles get their name based on
its location (bones near to it)
its size
its direction
its number of origins
its shape
