Erikson's thesis is founded on what he calls the epigenetic principle. What is meant by epigenetic?

Which theory of human behavior adopts the idea that a child who witnessed domestic violence in his/her home will exhibit aggressive behavior towards his/her peers at school?

According to cognitive theorists, the human brain's information processing skills can be compared to a __________________.

Which disorder can be manifested by people who had experienced a shocking, scary, or dangerous event?

Jeremy is a soldier and had experienced heavy combat with a terror group where he witnessed multiple casualties. For at least one month, the event caused him psychological distress. This is also known as ___________disorder.

Which theory is likely to be utilized by a victim advocate who works with clients who blame themselves for their victimization?

A therapist is helping a client identify and change the negative thought patterns that contribute to substance abuse. Which therapeutic approach is the therapist using?

Which theory suggests that an individual’s emotions, thoughts, behavior, and body sensations are related to each other, and that what people do and think influences how they feel?

According to behaviorism, all behaviors are acquired through a process of reinforcement and punishment. Which term applies to this process?

In Rogers' Humanistic theory, what is the result if there is lack of significant overlap between the real self and ideal self?

Which theory emphasizes the role of thought patterns, such as cognitive distortions, in influencing behavior and emotions?

A rehabilitation program for juvenile offenders incorporates elements of both Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Social Learning Theory. Which combination of interventions would BEST reflect this dual approach?

An “akyat-bahay gang” operated in a wealthy subdivision where houses have open windows during the day and the security systems were deactivated. Which aspect of Routine Activities theory is BEST highlighted in this situation?

A cyber stalker repeatedly harasses and threatens a victim online, causing significant emotional distress. Analyzing this crime through the lens of victimization theories, which concept is applicable?

A young adult who experienced neglect and inconsistency in childhood struggles with forming healthy relationships and often feels isolated. Analyzing the situation and using Erikson's theory, which of the following developmental stage is unresolved?

In domestic violence, the perpetrator exhibits controlling behavior and inability to maintain healthy relationships. Through the lens of Erikson's theory, which unresolved stage/conflict explains this behavior?

Children learn behavior by observing others or models and whether or not these children receive positive rewards from their activities. In the event that these two factors are met, what is the projected outcome of this interaction on the part of the children?

How does Erikson’s stage of "Industry vs. Inferiority" differ from Piaget’s "Concrete Operational" stage in understanding child development?

Which is NOT a characteristic behavior of a substance use disorder?

The following are the psychosocial behavior of drug addicts, EXCEPT _________.

An individual recently released from prison had a history of opioid addiction. Which treatment approach would be the MOST appropriate to help prevent a relapse?

Bernardo, a probation officer is supervising Charlie, who is diagnosed with Anti-social Personality Disorder. Which behavior would Bernardo MOST likely expect to see from Charlie?

Carmen, a victim advocate is helping Maria, a domestic violence victim who manifests symptoms of depression. Which would Carmen consider as LEAST helpful in assisting Maria?

Norman, a forensic psychologist is assessing Carmelo, a defendant who claims to have committed a crime because there were voices that commanded him do so. Which disorder is associated with this type of behavior?

Which approach is most effective for managing individuals with borderline personality disorder to reduce behaviors that may lead to criminal activity?

The symptoms of schizophrenia are usually classified into positive symptoms and negative symptoms. Which is NOT a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

Bermudez is suffering from depression. Which of the following is considered as the WORST effect of depression?

A distressing event can cause post-traumatic stress disorder, a mental health disease that is brought by experiencing or witnessing such event. The following are PSTD symptoms, EXCEPT___.

A subset of mental illnesses known as personality disorders are characterized by persistent thoughts and behavior patterns that deviate from social norms. Which is NOT a way to deal with personality disorders?

A police officer encounters a person experiencing a psychotic episode, exhibiting paranoid delusions and threatening violence. Analyzing this, which police response would be aligned in managing persons with mental illness?

Which is the relationship between PTSD and criminal behavior?

Romeo, a defense lawyer, has a client who is suffering from a mental disorder. From a legal perspective, which would be used by Romeo to mitigate his client's culpability?

A social worker is assisting a homeless man struggling with substance abuse and displays symptoms of schizophrenia. Which approach would the social worker consider as applicable to the man’s situation?

A corrections facility is adopting a program to reduce recidivism among inmates with personality disorders. Which would be the MOST suitable program to address deeply ingrained, unstable thinking and behavior characteristic of such disorders?

A correctional officer noticed that a new inmate with a history of alcohol abuse is exhibiting signs of withdrawal, tremors, sweating, and agitation. Analyzing this situation, which course of action is MOST appropriate for the officer to take?

A judge is trying a case of a defendant diagnosed with mental illness. The judge must determine whether the defendant's mental state at the time of the offense affected criminal culpability. Which legal concept is applicable in this situation?

A psychologist is evaluating Joseph, a defendant claiming to have multiple personality. Joseph insisted that one of his alternate personalities committed the crime, not his primary personality. Which disorder would the psychologist consider in assessing Joseph?

A corrections officer is working on an inmate, diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder, thus posing a potential security challenge. Which approach will be effective in keeping order and safety inside the facility?

A probation officer is supervising a convict diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Analyzing this situation, which factor would MOST likely contribute to the individual's lack of remorse for his/her crime?

A law enforcement officer encounters an individual with schizophrenia who is behaving erratically and hearing voices. Which immediate action should the officer take to effectively manage the situation?

A probation officer works with an individual with substance use disorder who has a history of drug-related offenses. Which strategy would best support the individual in preventing recidivism?

There are many different emotions and sentiments that make up the psychological profile of victimization. Which emotion is LESS likely exhibited by a victim?

A young woman is mugged while walking alone late at night in a dimly lit area. According to the Lifestyle theory, which factor MOST significantly contributed to her victimization?

Local police is investigating a series of “akyat-bahay” incidents in a village and revealed that all break in involves houses that had unlocked doors and windows. Which theory of victimization explains this pattern?

An individual is scammed online after clicking on a suspicious link in an email. Which victim type describes the scammed individual?

A victim of assault refuses to report the crime to the police, fearing retaliation from the perpetrator. Which of the following victim roles applies to this situation?

A police officer is developing victim profiling as aid to investigation. Analyzing the implications of this system, which consequence is considered a NEGATIVE outcome?

The following are signs of victimization, EXCEPT _____________.

What is a key factor in victim profiling that helps law enforcement predict vulnerability to crime?

. Hentig`s victim types are attributed to those who are unable to resist a perpetrator due to physical, social or psychological disadvantages. The following are examples of this victim type, EXCEPT ____________.

Which is NOT a way to protect your personal information from identity theft?

In a trial, defense lawyer portrays the victim as immoral with a history of substance abuse, pointing out that the victim was partly responsible for the crime. From a victimology perspective, which of the following is the lawyer implying?

The police are developing a victim profiling to aid in investigation. Analyzing the potential implications of this system, which ethical concern is MOST pressing?

A female victim of identity theft is experiencing significant emotional distress, anxiety, depression, and sleep deprivation. From a victimology perspective, which term BEST describes her experience?

Which is the relationship between substance abuse and victimization?

In cyberbullying, the victim's friends and family offer support and encouragement, helping the former cope with emotional distress. From a victimology perspective, which concept is illustrated by this scenario?

In domestic violence, the victim initially cooperates with the police but later refuses to testify against her abusive partner citing fear of further harm. From a victimology perspective, which concept explains the victim's reluctance to pursue the case?

A police officer is investigating “akyat-bahay” incidents in a village where majority of house break ins have visible signs of wealth, such as expensive cars and security systems. Analyzing this pattern, which theory of victimization is MOST relevant?

Analyzing the unique challenges of cybercrime victimization, which factor MOST significantly hinders the ability of law enforcement to effectively investigate and prosecute offenders?

A victim of bullying is hesitant to report to the police, fearing discrimination and further victimization. Which theory applies to the victim's decision not to report?

A victim of financial scam is reluctant to report the incident to authorities, feeling embarrassed and ashamed for falling prey to the fraud. Which type of victim is represented in this situation?

The following are ways to prevent victimization, EXCEPT ___________.

A neighborhood has experienced increased burglary rates, especially in houses with no security systems or streetlights. Which criminological theory can law enforcement apply to reduce victimization in this area?

A police department identifies young adults frequenting high-crime nightlife areas as being at greater risk of assault. Which strategy, based on Lifestyle Theory, would be most effective in addressing this issue?

A victims’ advocate is helping a sexual assault victim who is struggling with feelings of guilt and self-blame. From a victim support perspective, which approach would be effective in helping the victim overcome these emotions?

Which term describes the pain inflicted upon a victim as a result of the way that authorities and institutions handle her following a crime?

A victims’ advocate is helping a rape victim being pressured by her family not to report the crime due to cultural stigma. Which approach would be MOST effective in supporting the survivor's own decision-making?