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WorksheetsWhen Cells Lose Control — MCQs
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 30mins
What is the normal purpose of cell division in multicellular organisms?
To cause mutations
To replace damaged or old cells
To produce cancer cells
To stop DNA replication
The complete sequence of events a cell goes through as it grows and divides is called the:
Apoptosis cycle
Mutation process
Cell cycle
Metastasis
DNA replication occurs before a cell:
Dies
Divides
Migrates
Specializes
What is the main function of cell-cycle checkpoints?
Speed up cell division
Prevent DNA replication
Ensure damaged cells do not divide
Cause mutations
Programmed cell death is known as:
Mitosis
Metastasis
Apoptosis
Differentiation
Why do healthy cells undergo apoptosis?
To increase tissue size
To remove damaged or unnecessary cells
To spread to other tissues
To form tumors
What key characteristic do all cancer cells share?
They are specialized
They divide slowly
Regulation of cell division is damaged
They perform apoptosis normally
Cancer develops primarily because of damage to genes that regulate:
Protein synthesis
Cell movement
Cell division
Cell size
A gene that normally promotes cell growth but can cause cancer when mutated is called a(n):
Tumor suppressor gene
Oncogene
Apoptosis gene
Regulator protein
A proto-oncogene becomes an oncogene when it:
Is deleted
Is overactivated or mutated
Stops cell division
Repairs DNA
Tumor suppressor genes normally function to:
Promote cell division
Prevent uncontrolled cell growth
Cause mutations
Activate oncogenes
The p53 gene is important because it:
Causes cancer
Repairs all DNA damage
Regulates the cell cycle and apoptosis
Produces blood vessels
Cancer cells continue dividing despite damaged DNA because they:
Lack DNA
Ignore cell-cycle checkpoints
Divide more slowly
Undergo apoptosis
Metastasis refers to cancer cells that:
Die quickly
Stay localized
Spread to other parts of the body
Stop dividing
Why is a biopsy used in cancer diagnosis?
To treat cancer
To remove blood vessels
To examine tissue under a microscope
To kill cancer cells
Cell morphology refers to a cell’s:
DNA sequence
Shape and appearance
Chemical composition
Function only
Compared to healthy cells, cancer cells often appear:
Uniform and organized
Smaller and identical
Irregular in size and shape
Non-dividing
Which nuclear feature is commonly seen in cancer cells?
Small nucleus
No nucleus
Enlarged nucleus
Uniform nucleus
A high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio is characteristic of:
Healthy cells
Cancer cells
Red blood cells
Muscle cells
Cancer cells often lack specialized features because they:
Are highly differentiated
Are immature and undifferentiated
Are fully functional
Perform apoptosis
Healthy tissue usually shows cells that are:
Randomly arranged
Disorganized
Ordered and uniform
Migrating
Hyperplasia is best described as:
Cancer spread
Increased cell number with normal structure
Severe dysplasia
Apoptosis
Mild dysplasia differs from cancer because it:
Shows metastasis
Is irreversible
Is not fully cancerous
Involves normal tissue arrangement
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by:
Normal cell growth
Cells spreading beyond original tissue
Severe abnormal growth confined to original location
Cell death
Cancer tissue differs from carcinoma in situ because it:
Is reversible
Remains localized
Spreads beyond the original location
Has fewer cells
Why are cells stained before microscopic observation?
To kill cells
To increase magnification
To improve contrast and visibility
To repair DNA
The Edvotek® & PLTW® Kit #990 is used to study:
DNA replication
Cancer cell morphology
Blood typing
Enzyme activity
Why are gloves and goggles required during staining?
To improve results
To follow fashion rules
For safety and contamination prevention
To speed up the lab
What tool is used to handle small lab materials safely?
Microscope
Forceps
Pipette
Ruler
The cover slip is placed on the slide to:
Increase magnification
Protect the specimen and microscope lens
Kill the cells
Absorb stain
Which microscope part controls the amount of light?
Objective lens
Diaphragm
Eyepiece
Stage clips
When focusing a microscope, which objective should be used first?
High power
Oil immersion
Medium power
Low power
Cancer cells under a microscope often appear more numerous because they:
Divide uncontrollably
Undergo apoptosis
Are smaller
Are specialized
Which observation best suggests cancerous tissue?
Uniform cell shape
Organized arrangement
Irregular shapes and sizes
Low nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio
Why are observations recorded in a chart?
To save time
To compare and analyze results
To replace drawings
To skip conclusions
Why are drawings important in microscopy labs?
They replace photographs
They help reinforce observations
They are graded only on art
They show DNA sequences
What magnification increases detail but reduces field of view?
Low
Medium
High
None
If cells appear blurry, the best first adjustment is to:
Change slides
Adjust the fine focus
Increase stain
Remove the cover slip
Cancer is difficult to study mainly because it:
Is rare
Has many causes and mutations
Occurs in only one tissue
Is always the same
Studying genes helps researchers understand cancer by revealing:
Cell color
Tissue type
Mutations involved in uncontrolled growth
Blood flow
Phenotypic differences between healthy and cancer cells result from:
Environmental stains
Genetic mutations
Microscope settings
Lab errors
Which mutation would most likely cause cancer?
Mutation that increases apoptosis
Mutation that stops cell division
Mutation that disables tumor suppressor genes
Mutation that repairs DNA
Blood vessel formation that supports tumor growth is called:
Apoptosis
Angiogenesis
Metastasis
Hyperplasia
Why do cancer cells often lack regulation signals?
Signals are blocked by stains
Signal pathways are damaged
Signals increase apoptosis
Cells are too small
Which characteristic best distinguishes cancer cells from healthy cells?
Normal mitosis
Controlled growth
Unregulated division
Specialized function
A microscope is best described as a tool used to:
Modify cells
Kill pathogens
Observe small structures
Repair tissue
Which lab practice ensures reliable results?
Rushing observations
Ignoring safety rules
Following protocols carefully
Skipping data recording
Why is comparing two samples important in this activity?
To save time
To identify differences between healthy and cancer cells
To increase magnification
To avoid drawing
The main goal of Activity 3.1.3 is to:
Cure cancer
Identify cancer cell characteristics
Count blood cells
Study bacteria
Which term best describes loss of normal growth control?
Regulation
Differentiation
Mutation
Cancer
Why should microscopes be carried with two hands?
To look professional
To prevent damage and injury
To increase accuracy
To reduce magnification
What should be done after completing the lab?
Leave materials out
Wash hands and clean workspace
Keep gloves on
Store slides in water
Why is distilled water used in staining procedures?
It contains nutrients
It prevents contamination
It removes stains
It enhances color
Which observation suggests healthy tissue?
Large nuclei
Random cell arrangement
Uniform cell size and shape
Uncontrolled division
Which best explains why cancer cells accumulate mutations?
Faster DNA repair
Faulty cell-cycle checkpoints
Reduced division
Increased apoptosis
What role do pathologists play in cancer diagnosis?
Treat patients
Analyze tissue samples
Perform surgeries
Prescribe medication
Which process normally prevents cancer development?
Metastasis
Apoptosis
Hyperplasia
Dysplasia
Why must lab notebooks be detailed and accurate?
For grading only
To support scientific conclusions
To avoid microscopes
To replace experiments
Which feature is least likely found in cancer cells?
Irregular shape
Large nucleus
Organized tissue structure
Uncontrolled division
The study of cancer cells helps scientists primarily to:
Increase microscope use
Understand disease mechanisms
Eliminate all mutations
Stop cell division entirely
