WorksheetsEES UNIT 1 GEOLOGY TEST
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 21mins
Scarlett notices that water seeps into cracks in the sidewalk and freezes during winter, causing the cracks to widen over time. This process is categorized as what type of weathering?
Physical
Chemical
Harper notices that the metal fence in her backyard has turned reddish-brown over time due to exposure to air and moisture. Categorize the type of weathering.
Physical
Chemical
Emma notices that rainwater reacts with limestone rocks, causing them to slowly dissolve over time. Categorize the type of weathering.
Physical
Chemical
Abigail visits a rocky hill and notices that the outer layers of rock are peeling off in sheets due to temperature changes. What type of weathering is this?
Physical
Chemical
Sophia is walking along a rocky beach and notices that the rocks are getting smoother as waves crash against them. Categorize the following weathering.
Physical
Chemical
When rainwater reacts with minerals in rocks and changes their chemical composition, what type of weathering is this an example of?
Physical
Chemical
While hiking, Mia finds a rock with large crystal grains. How can she identify if it is an intrusive igneous rock?
mineral foliation
distinct gray coloration
large crystal grains
presence of fossils
After hiking near a recently erupted volcano, Ethan notices rocks that have formed from the cooled lava. What would be the most typical type of rock found?
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
quartz
Anika is hiking in a region where mountains are actively forming. She wonders which type of rock is most common during episodes of mountain formation. What should she expect to find?
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
granite
Why are sedimentary rocks most common near water sources?
because water acts as source of heat and pressure
because water contributes to the weathering, erosion, and deposition of sediments
because water cools and cristalizes magma
because water can be evaporated and condenseed
Why are fossils more commonly found within sedimentary rock formations?
the processes that create sedimentary rock will protect and cover the fossils
the processes that create igneous and metamorphic rock will destroy the fossils
animals and plants can easily die near locations of sedimentary rock formation
all of the above
Why do metamorphic rocks have the characteristics of foliation?
because of their closeness to the magma
because of minerals being exposed to intense amounts of heat and pressure
because of weathering and erosion from wind, water, ice and gravity
because of the compaction and cementation of their mineral bands
Jackson is hiking in a mountainous region and comes across a large outcrop of granite. Considering the classification of granite, how was this rock formed?
metamorphism of a non-foliated rock
compaction of marble
cooling and crystallization of an intrusive rock
weathering and erosion of a clastic rock
What would be the best source of humus in soil?
dead fungi,bacteria and plants
acid precipitation
crystallized magma
eroding bedrock
Which of the following is the correct order of the sedimentary rock process?
deposition, erosion, compaction & cementation , weathering
erosion,deposition, weathering, compaction& cementation
weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction & cementation
compaction & cementation, weathering, erosion, deposition
Which of the following has the highest potential for erosion?
water gently flowing across the plains
wind blowing along the desert
water flowing down a steep slope of a mountain
wind blowing materials in the air, upward against the force of gravity
Hannah is studying rocks in her backyard. She notices that some rocks have changed in size, while others have changed in their mineral composition. How are the process of chemical and physical weathering different?
only chemical weathering involves water
only chemical weathering changes the minerals within a rock
only physical weathering involves water
only physical weathering makes rocks smaller
Benjamin is studying rocks in a mountain region where magma has recently come into contact with existing rock layers, and there is also evidence of strong regional pressure from plate movement. What type of rock is most likely to form in these conditions?
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
all of the above
While hiking, Liam finds different types of rocks. He wants to classify them as clastic, crystalline, or organic. Which type of rock can be classified this way?
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
all of the above
Arjun is studying rocks in his backyard. He finds a rock that was formed from the processes of compaction and cementation. Choose the correct answer for the type of rock Arjun found.
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
all of the above
While hiking, Maya finds a rock that has air bubbles and looks glassy in appearance. Choose the correct answer for the type of rock Maya found.
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
all of the above
How are creep and mass wasting different?
creep occurs quickly in a short period of time and mass wasting occurs slowly over time
creep occurs slowly over time and mass wasting occurs quickly in a short period of time
creep is due to gravity and mass wasting is due to the action of water
creep is due to the action of water and mass wasting is due to gravity
Grace is studying how different climates affect the weathering rate of Earth's surface bedrock in various regions. Why does climate have the greatest influence on the weathering rate of Earth's surface bedrock?
because climate will change the angle of insolation to cause rocks to weather faster
because climate will directly affectthe age of the bedrock
because climate will either speed up or slow down the processes of chemical and physical weathering
because climate will decreasethe air pressure and biological activity of a region
Aiden is visiting a beach and notices the formation of dunes along the shore. These beach dunes are formed by which transporting agent/agents?
water
glaciers
both wind and water
wind
While visiting the Outer Banks Barrier Islands of North Carolina, Mia wonders which agent of erosion was responsible for forming these islands. Which agent do you think it is?
rivers
wind
glaciers
waves
How do Tropical soils differ from the soils found in North Carolina?
the B horizon will be thinner due to a lack of accumulation
the C horizon will be thicker due to mechanical weathering
the A horizon will be thinner due to erosion and leaching
the O horizon will be absent due to quicker weather rates
Matching — Write the letter of the answer to match each item in the first column with its correct match in the second column. Match each horizon of soil with the correct definition.
Partially weathered bedrock
C horizon
Zone of accumulation where minerals leached from above collect
B horizon
Solid bedrock
D horizon
called topsoil and consists of sediments and humus
A horizon
Which of the following is not a sustainable farming technique used to control/prevent erosion?
contour plowing
rotating crops each season
slash and burn
planting wind breaks along edges
Which type of weathering is most common in North Carolina?
erosional
chemical
equal amount physical and chemical
physical
James is breaking a large rock into smaller pieces in his backyard. Why will the rock weather more rapidly after it is broken into smaller particles?
there is more surface area exposed
the total mass of the rock and the particles reduced
the smaller particles are less dense
the minerals structure of the rockk has been changed
At high elevations in North Carolina, which is the most common form of physical weathering?
abrasion of rocks by the wind
alternate freezing and melting water
dissolving minerals into solutions
oxidation by oxygen in the atmosphere
Chemical weathering will occur most rapidly when rocks are exposed to the:
hydrosphere and geosphere
biosphere and thermosphere
hydrosphere and atmosphere
lithosphere and atmosphere
Kai is studying two hills: one with soil above limestone and another with soil above quartzite. He notices that the soil above limestone is much thicker than the soil over quartzite. Which explains why this is the case?
the limestone is harder than quartzite
quartzite is older than limestone
quartzite forms from molten magma
limestone is less resistant to weathering than the quartzite
Emma is studying soil in her backyard and notices that the soil has different layers, or horizons. These horizons develop as a result of:
evaporation and respiration
compacting and cementing
weathering and biological activity
faulting and folding
The composition of sediments on the Earth's surface usually is quite different from the composition of the underlying bedrock. This observation suggest that most:
bedrock is formed from sediments
bedrock is resistant to weathering
sediments are residual
sediments are transported
Hannah is collecting rocks for her science project. Which of the following is true about the rocks she might find?
most rocks are a mixture of minerals and other substances
coal is not considered to be a true rock
rocks do not contain any nonmetal matter
rocks are composed of only one mineral
Which is a farming technique that could improve the soil and the environment?
using fueled machines that will turn the soil continuously
creating undisturbed layers of mulch in the soil to create more permeability
placing inorganic chemical fertilizers in the soil
irrigating the soil with salty water
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact an environment?
by increasing oxygen production
by increasing soil formation
by increasing transpiration
by increasing erosion
Why should the farming industry adopt sustainable practices?
to increase the use of irrigation systems
to increase the number of non‑point sources of water pollution
to increase the use of fertilizers
to reduce the environmental degradation and economic losses
Nora is starting a garden and wants to use the best type of soil for her plants. She learns that fertile soil composed of the same proportions of sand, silt, clay, and organic matter is ideal. What is this type of soil called?
karst topography
loam
gravel
stalagmites
Using the triangle provided, find the type of soil for the following sample: 75% sand, 10% silt, 15% clay.
sandy loam
sandy clay loam
silt loam
clay loam
Using the triangle provided, find the type of soil for the following sample: 10% sand, 83% silt, 7% clay.
silt
silt loam
clay
loam
