WorksheetsLONG EXAMINATION – Culinary Nutrition
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
A patient recovering from surgery is advised to consume more protein. Which explanation best justifies this recommendation? Choose the best answer.
Protein supplies immediate glucose to the brain
Protein replaces fat lost during stress
Protein supports tissue repair and cell regeneration
Protein prevents mineral loss in the blood
If a person consumes adequate calories but insufficient protein, which condition is MOST likely to occur? Choose the best answer.
Obesity
Protein-energy malnutrition
Hyperglycemia
Vitamin toxicity
A vegetarian diet consisting mainly of rice is improved by adding mung beans. This practice demonstrates: Choose the best answer.
Protein denaturation
Food supplementation
Protein complementation
Amino acid fortification
Why are essential amino acids required in the diet? Choose the best answer.
They are rapidly destroyed during digestion
The body cannot synthesize them
They are used only for energy
They are present only in animal foods
Which meal best supports protein complementation? Choose the best answer.
Rice and rice noodles
Wheat bread and pasta
Rice and munggo
Fruits and vegetables
During severe illness, which amino acid group becomes essential despite normally being non-essential? Choose the best answer.
Essential amino acids
Conditional amino acids
Aromatic amino acids
Branched-chain amino acids
A child showing muscle wasting and severe weight loss but no edema is MOST likely suffering from: Choose the best answer.
Kwashiorkor
Obesity
Marasmus
Anemia
Which statement best explains why proteins are described as “of prime importance”? Choose the best answer.
They store the most energy
They regulate only digestion
They perform structural and regulatory functions
They replace vitamins in metabolism
If protein intake is low, what happens to body protein stores? Choose the best answer.
They remain constant
They are replaced by fats
They are broken down to meet needs
They convert into carbohydrates
Which food fortification example BEST illustrates enrichment? Choose the best answer.
Adding iodine to salt
Adding vitamin A to cooking oil
Adding lysine to infant cereal
Adding iron supplements separately
A food manufacturer adds nutrients to restore those lost during processing. This practice is called: Choose the best answer.
Supplementation
Enrichment
Restoration
Standardization
Why is protein considered a “spared nutrient” when adequate fat is consumed? Choose the best answer.
Protein digestion stops
Fat supplies energy, reducing protein breakdown
Protein becomes stored as fat
Fat increases protein synthesis
Which situation BEST explains protein’s regulatory role? Choose the best answer.
Protein as a calorie source
Protein forming enzymes and hormones
Protein forming adipose tissue
Protein storing minerals
Why can amino acids be used as an energy source? Choose the best answer.
They are stored in adipose cells
They contain nitrogen only
Their carbon skeleton can enter energy pathways
They replace glucose directly
Which combination indicates conditional amino acids? Choose the best answer.
Leucine, valine, tryptophan
Alanine, glycine, serine
Arginine, glutamine, cysteine
Lysine, methionine, threonine
Which dietary pattern increases the risk of kwashiorkor? Choose the best answer.
Adequate calories but low protein
Excess fat intake
High carbohydrate intake
Low vitamin intake
Why is protein-energy malnutrition common in children? Choose the best answer.
Faster fat metabolism
High protein reserves
Rapid growth increases protein needs
Lower digestive capacity for fat
What is the BEST reason protein deficiency affects immunity? Choose the best answer.
Proteins increase blood sugar
Immune cells require protein for synthesis
Protein replaces vitamins
Antibodies are lipids
Which statement BEST distinguishes essential from non-essential amino acids? Choose the best answer.
Essential amino acids are always from animals
Non-essential amino acids are unused
Essential amino acids must be obtained from food
Non-essential amino acids have no function
Why is protein complementation important in plant-based diets? Choose the best answer.
Plants contain no protein
Plant proteins lack calories
Individual plant proteins may lack certain amino acids
Plants contain only non-essential amino acids
Why are fats considered an efficient energy storage form?
They dissolve easily in water
They occupy more space
They store more energy per gram
They are quickly metabolized
Why does the body emulsify fat during digestion?
To neutralize stomach acid
To increase fat solubility in water
To break fat into fatty acids
To convert fat into glucose
Which organ produces bile?
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Liver
Small intestine
Why is bile essential for fat digestion but not an enzyme?
It breaks chemical bonds
It emulsifies fat without digestion
It converts fat to protein
It supplies energy
Which enzyme has an important role in infant fat digestion?
Pancreatic lipase
Gastric lipase
Lingual lipase
Bile salt
Why must fats be packaged into lipoproteins for transport?
They are acidic
They dissolve poorly in blood
They are too large
They are unstable
Which lipoprotein carries dietary triglycerides from the intestine?
LDL
HDL
VLDL
Chylomicron
Which lipoprotein is considered "good cholesterol" and why?
LDL – carries cholesterol to tissues
HDL – removes cholesterol from cells
VLDL – stores fat
Chylomicron – digests fat
A diet high in LDL is MOST associated with:
Improved immunity
Reduced fat absorption
Plaque formation in arteries
Enhanced muscle growth
Why are essential fatty acids necessary in the diet?
They are stored indefinitely
The body cannot synthesize them
They supply protein
They replace carbohydrates
Which food is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?
Butter
Coconut oil
Salmon
Lard
How do fats "spare" protein?
By inhibiting protein digestion
By supplying energy for metabolism
By converting protein to fat
By increasing nitrogen excretion
Why is fat digestion slower than carbohydrate digestion?
Fat is toxic
Fat requires emulsification
Fat digestion begins in the colon
Fat is water-soluble
Which condition is directly linked to atherosclerosis?
Vitamin deficiency
Protein-energy malnutrition
Plaque buildup in arteries
Muscle atrophy
Which BEST explains the role of cholesterol in the body?
Only harmful to health
Structural component of hormones and bile
Main energy source
Digestion enzyme
Which dietary change BEST improves heart health?
Increase saturated fat
Eliminate all fats
Increase HDL-promoting fats
Increase refined carbohydrates
Why are triglycerides re-formed in intestinal cells after digestion?
For storage in muscles
For easier absorption into blood
For packaging into lipoproteins
For immediate oxidation
Which scenario BEST shows the consequence of excessive fat intake?
Improved digestion
Increased enzyme production
Plaque buildup and heart disease risk
Increased protein synthesis
Why is fat important in cell structure?
Cells are filled with fat
Fat forms part of cell membranes
Fat replaces protein
Fat controls DNA
Which conclusion BEST summarizes the role of lipids in health?
Lipids are harmful and should be avoided
Lipids are only energy sources
Lipids are essential but must be consumed in moderation
Lipids replace other nutrients
