Unit 1 Test Grade 8 Study Guide

Front

Understanding the basic structure of an atom

Back

Atoms consist of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons orbiting in energy levels (shells).

Front

Identifying protons, neutrons, and electrons

Back

- Protons: Positively charged, in the nucleus - Neutrons: No charge, in the nucleus - Electrons: Negatively charged, orbiting the nucleus

Front

Using the periodic table to determine atomic structure

Back

- Atomic number = number of protons - Mass number = protons + neutrons - Number of electrons = number of protons (in a neutral atom)

Front

Understanding the organization of the periodic table

Back

The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic number and groups elements with similar chemical properties.

Front

Identifying elements with similar chemical properties

Back

Elements in the same column (group) of the periodic table have similar chemical properties.

Front

Using the periodic table to predict chemical behavior

Back

The position of an element in the periodic table helps predict its reactivity and chemical behavior.

Front

Study the layout of the periodic table.

Back

Memorize the names of the main groups: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases. Learn the difference between metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

Front

Elements in the same column (group) have similar properties.

Back

As you move left to right across a row, elements become less metallic.

Front

Group 1 (alkali metals) are very reactive with water.

Back

Practice identifying elements in the same group (column) that have similar properties.

Front

Use the periodic table to find information about elements.

Back

Look for atomic number, atomic mass, element symbol, and element name.