Biology Chapter 7 Vocab

Front

Brings amino acids to ribosomes to form proteins

Back

transfer RNA (tRNA)

Front

Helps form ribosomes for protein assembly.

Back

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Front

DNA → RNA → Protein: Major milestone in molecular biology

Back

Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Front

Copies genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

Back

messenger RNA (mRNA)

Front

Adenine concentration equals thymine; guanine equals cytosine within species.

Back

Chargaff’s Rules

Front

Sequence of nitrogen bases—A, C, G, T (or U)—in a polynucleotide chain

Back

genetic code

Front

Letters combined in groups of three form code 'words'.

Back

Codon

Front

First part of the central dogma: DNA → RNA. Transfer of genetic instructions from DNA to mRNA, creating a complementary mRNA strand.

Back

transcription

Front

Second part of the central dogma: RNA → Protein, where mRNA is read to make a protein.

Back

translation

Front

Process of making proteins

Back

Protein synthesis