Unit 3 (Energy Flow) Concept 1: Enzymes & Biochemical Reactions

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Metabolism

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All of the chemical reactions within each cell of an organism.

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Chemical reactions

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The breaking and forming of bonds between different substances during chemical changes.

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Catabolic

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Reactions that break down larger molecules into simpler compounds.

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Anabolic

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Reactions that build larger molecules from smaller ones.

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Activation energy

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The amount of energy needed to make a chemical reaction start.

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Reactant (substrate)

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Substance that is changed during a chemical reaction.

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Product

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Substance that is made during a chemical reaction.

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Endothermic

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A reaction that overall absorbs more energy (in the form of heat or light) than it releases.

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Exothermic

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A reaction that overall releases more energy (in the form of heat or light) than it absorbs.

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Enzyme

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(Usually a protein) that speeds up a biochemical reaction by lowering its activation energy.