Psychology Concepts Flashcards

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Algorithm

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A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem.

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Heuristic

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A mental shortcut that allows people to solve problems quickly and efficiently.

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Schema

Back

A cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information.

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Functional Fixedness

Back

A cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used.

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Mental Sets

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A tendency to approach situations in a certain way because that method worked in the past.

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Divergent Thinking

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A thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.

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Prototype

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A mental image or best example of a category.

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Information Processing Model of Memory

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A model that describes memory as a process, similar to a computer, involving encoding, storage, and retrieval.

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Working Memory

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A cognitive system with a limited capacity that is responsible for temporarily holding information available for processing.

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Explicit Memory

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Memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and declare.