Warm-up: Macromolecules and Enzymes

Front

In a biology class, Abigail learned that proteins are made of monomers called ___________

Back

Amino Acids

Answer explanation

Proteins are polymers made up of monomers called amino acids. Each amino acid links together to form a protein, making 'Amino Acids' the correct answer. Nucleotides and monosaccharides are building blocks for nucleic acids and carbohydrates, respectively.

Front

Nora is studying biology and learns that _________ are composed out of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). Options: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

Back

Nucleic Acids

Answer explanation

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. This distinguishes them from carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, which have different elemental compositions.

Front

Which macronutrient is made up of monosaccharides?

Back

Carbohydrates

Answer explanation

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates and serve as their building blocks. They combine to form disaccharides and polysaccharides, making carbohydrates the correct answer.

Front

Identify the category for waxes, oils, and fats: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.

Back

Lipids

Answer explanation

Waxes, oils, and fats are all types of lipids, which are organic compounds that are hydrophobic and play key roles in energy storage and cellular structure. Therefore, the correct answer is Lipids.

Front

Nora is studying different macromolecules in her biology class. She comes across a diagram and wonders, which macromolecule is shown?
 View Figure 3 (if not visible)
Options: lipid, protein, nucleic acid, carbohydrate

Back

nucleic acid

Answer explanation

The macromolecule shown is a nucleic acid, which includes DNA and RNA. These molecules are characterized by their nucleotide structure, which is distinct from lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Front

Which macromolecule is shown in the diagram Charlotte is studying in her biology class?

Back

lipid

Answer explanation

The macromolecule shown is a lipid, characterized by its hydrophobic nature and structure, which typically includes long hydrocarbon chains or rings. This distinguishes it from proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.

Front

Proteins are made of... C H O, NCHO, C H O N P, C H O N S

Back

NCHO

Answer explanation

Proteins are composed of amino acids, which contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N). Therefore, the correct answer is NCHO, as it includes nitrogen, which is essential for protein structure.

Front

Enzymes are considered to be?

Back

Protein

Answer explanation

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They are primarily made of proteins, which are composed of amino acids. Therefore, the correct answer is Protein.

Front

What is the purpose of an enzyme when Elijah is baking cookies and wants them to bake faster?

Back

speed up reactions

Answer explanation

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. This makes them essential for facilitating various biochemical processes efficiently.

Front

Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?

Back

active site

Answer explanation

Substrates bind at the active site of an enzyme, which is specifically shaped to fit the substrate, facilitating the biochemical reaction. Other options like voltage-gated channels and calcium channels do not pertain to enzyme-substrate interactions.