Unit 3 Part 3: Ecology, Matter Cycling and Climate Change

Front

What are fossil fuels?

Back

Fossil fuels are natural substances formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals, primarily consisting of coal, oil, and natural gas, which are used as energy sources.

Front

Define heterotrophs.

Back

Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on consuming other organisms for energy and nutrients.

Front

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll is the green pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy, primarily from the sun, to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen during photosynthesis.

Front

What gas is absorbed by plants during photosynthesis?

Back

Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis.

Front

What is the function of ozone in the atmosphere?

Back

Ozone in the atmosphere protects living organisms by absorbing harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.

Front

Explain the carbon cycle.

Back

The carbon cycle is the process by which carbon is exchanged among the atmosphere, land, water, and living organisms, involving processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and combustion.

Front

What is the significance of biodiversity in ecosystems?

Back

Biodiversity contributes to ecosystem resilience, productivity, and stability, providing essential services such as pollination, nutrient cycling, and habitat provision.

Front

How do greenhouse gases contribute to climate change?

Back

Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to an increase in global temperatures and contributing to climate change.

Front

What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Back

Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, while heterotrophs obtain their food by consuming other organisms.

Front

Describe the water cycle.

Back

The water cycle is the continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and infiltration, which is essential for maintaining life on Earth.