Mitosis, Meiosis, Karyotypes, and Mutations Review

Front

What is the main difference between cancer cells and normal cells regarding the cell cycle?

Back

Cancer cells cannot enter G0 and are likely to repeat the cell cycle continuously.

Front

What is a karyotype used for?

Back

A karyotype is used to determine the presence of an extra chromosome.

Front

What type of mutation results in a sequence of amino acids that is exactly like the original sequence?

Back

Substitution - silent mutation.

Front

What chromosomal disorder is caused by nondisjunction resulting in an extra chromosome on pair number 21?

Back

Down's Syndrome.

Front

What type of gene mutation is represented by the change from GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA to GAG-CTC-CAC-AGA?

Back

Substitution mutation.

Front

What are the stages of mitosis?

Back

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

Front

What is meiosis and how does it differ from mitosis?

Back

Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four haploid cells, while mitosis results in two diploid cells.

Front

What is the significance of the G0 phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The G0 phase is a resting phase where cells are not actively dividing.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein function.

Front

What is nondisjunction and what are its potential effects?

Back

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during cell division, which can lead to disorders such as Down's Syndrome.