AP Cell Communication

Front

Do all cells have the same response to the same signal?

Back

No, different cells can respond differently to the same signal due to variations in receptor types and intracellular signaling pathways.

Front

Are all signals and receptors the same in all cells?

Back

No, different types of cells have different receptors and respond to different signals.

Front

What is the correct order of cell communication?

Back

The correct order is reception, transduction, response.

Front

What is the purpose of phosphorylation cascades in cell signaling?

Back

Phosphorylation cascades are often used for amplification of the signal.

Front

What factors determine whether a signal molecule binds on the surface or enters the cell?

Back

The nature of the signal molecule (polar vs. nonpolar) and the type of receptor present on the cell determine this.

Front

What is signal transduction?

Back

Signal transduction is the process by which a cell converts an external signal into a functional response.

Front

What role do receptors play in cell communication?

Back

Receptors are proteins that bind to signaling molecules and initiate a cellular response.

Front

What is the difference between a ligand and a receptor?

Back

A ligand is a signaling molecule that binds to a receptor, which is a protein that receives the signal.

Front

What is meant by 'amplification' in cell signaling?

Back

Amplification refers to the process where a small number of signaling molecules can produce a large response in the cell.

Front

What is the significance of specificity in cell signaling?

Back

Specificity ensures that signals are only received by target cells with the appropriate receptors, preventing inappropriate responses.