BIO 230 Chap 9

Front

1. 1. mutation within a gene

2. 2. mutation within regulatory DNA sequences

3. 3. Gene duplication and divergence

4. 4. Exon shuffling

5. 5. Transposition of mobile genetic elements

6. 6. Horizontal gene transfer

Back

Types of genetic variation

Front

Exclusively pass the genetic information into the next generation

Back

Germ-line cells

Front

form the body of the organism but do not contribute their DNA to the next generation

Back

Somatic cells

Front

__ carry the genome that will be shared with offspring, somatic cells do not

Back

Gametes

Front

Changes that affect a single nucleotide pair

Back

Point mutations

Front

Destroy a gene's activity

Back

deleterious mutations

Front

Improve a gene's activity

Back

Advantageous mutation

Front

The point mutation has no effect

Back

neutral mutations

Front

two independent point mutations in regulatory DNA

Back

allow the expression of lactose in human adults

Front

Gene duplication can be caused by

Back

unequal crossing-over