Meiosis

Front

What is meiosis?

Back

Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse gametes (sperm or eggs). It consists of two sequential divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II.

Front

What are the main phases of meiosis?

Back

The main phases of meiosis are Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, and Telophase II.

Front

What occurs during Prophase I?

Back

During Prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over, leading to genetic variation.

Front

How does Metaphase I differ from Metaphase II?

Back

In Metaphase I, homologous chromosome pairs align at the cell's equatorial plane, while in Metaphase II, individual chromosomes align at the equatorial plane.

Front

What is the significance of crossing over in meiosis?

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Crossing over increases genetic diversity by allowing the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

Front

What happens during Anaphase I?

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During Anaphase I, homologous chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell, reducing the chromosome number by half.

Front

What is the end result of meiosis I?

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The end result of meiosis I is two haploid cells, each containing half the number of chromosomes as the original diploid cell.

Front

What occurs during Telophase I?

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During Telophase I, the separated chromosomes reach the poles, and the cell begins to divide through cytokinesis, resulting in two daughter cells.

Front

What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis?

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Meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes, while mitosis results in two genetically identical daughter cells.

Front

What occurs during Prophase II?

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During Prophase II, the chromosomes condense again, and a new spindle apparatus forms in each haploid cell.