Chromosomal Mutations
Flashcard
•
Biology
•
8th - 12th Grade
•
Practice Problem
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is non-disjunction and how does it relate to chromosomal disorders?
Back
Non-disjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division, leading to gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes, which can result in chromosomal disorders such as Down syndrome.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is translocation in the context of chromosomal mutations?
Back
Translocation is a chromosomal mutation where a segment of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome, which can lead to genetic disorders or cancer.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Define duplication in terms of chromosomal mutations.
Back
Duplication is a chromosomal mutation that involves the copying of a segment of DNA, resulting in multiple copies of that segment within the chromosome.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is deletion in chromosomal mutations?
Back
Deletion is a chromosomal mutation where a segment of a chromosome is lost or breaks off, which can lead to genetic disorders depending on the genes affected.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the potential effects of chromosomal mutations on an organism?
Back
Chromosomal mutations can lead to various effects, including genetic disorders, developmental issues, and increased risk of certain diseases, depending on the genes involved.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How can chromosomal mutations be detected?
Back
Chromosomal mutations can be detected through techniques such as karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and genetic testing.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the difference between aneuploidy and polyploidy?
Back
Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell (e.g., trisomy, monosomy), while polyploidy is the condition of having more than two complete sets of chromosomes.
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