AP Bio: Cell Cycle Regulation/ Cancer

Front

What is the main characteristic of all cancers?

Back

Uncontrolled cell growth.

Front

What is the role of protein kinases in the cell cycle?

Back

Add phosphate groups and energy to activate enzymes.

Front

What type of gene is p53?

Back

Tumor Suppressor Gene.

Front

What describes cells in the G0 phase?

Back

Mature nerve and muscle cells are unable to divide and are permanently in G0.

Front

In which stage of the cell cycle are cells most susceptible to mutations?

Back

S phase.

Front

What is the function of cyclins in the cell cycle?

Back

Regulate the timing of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Programmed cell death that eliminates damaged or unnecessary cells.

Front

What is a proto-oncogene?

Back

A normal gene that can become an oncogene due to mutations or increased expression.

Front

What is the significance of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Back

They ensure that the cell is ready to proceed to the next phase, preventing errors.

Front

What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?

Back

DNA replication occurs, resulting in two sister chromatids for each chromosome.