DC Bio Ch. 17, 18, and 19 Review

Front

What condition allows the genes in the lac operon to be expressed?

Back

Lactose is present in the cell.

Front

What are the sequences called where transcription begins?

Back

Promoters.

Front

What biological process is represented by the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template?

Back

Transcription.

Front

What is the relationship between an anticodon and an mRNA codon?

Back

The anticodon of a tRNA molecule is complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.

Front

What polypeptides are coded for by the mRNA sequence 5' AUGGUUAAA 3'?

Back

Met, Val, Lys.

Front

What is the role of promoters in gene expression?

Back

Promoters are sequences that initiate transcription.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon in protein synthesis?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for methionine.