AP World History Unit 3 - Mr. Vela

Front

From 1400 to 1750, Eurasian rulers sponsored the arts primarily for which of the following reasons? To display power and legitimize their rule, To spend excess money collected in taxes, To encourage tourism and pilgrimages, To increase employment opportunities for struggling artists

Back

To display power and legitimize their rule

Answer explanation

From 1400 to 1750, Eurasian rulers sponsored the arts mainly to display their power and legitimize their rule, using art as a means to convey authority and cultural prestige.

Front

Which of the following describes a major cause of the expansion of the Ottoman Empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries? Options: The Ottoman Empire successfully pursued mercantilist economic policies. Ottoman citizens unified by their recent conversion to Islam were strongly motivated to conquer. Exploitation of artillery and small arms gave the Ottomans advantages over many of their political rivals. The decentralized federalism of the Ottoman Empire encouraged competition and technological innovation.

Back

Exploitation of artillery and small arms gave the Ottomans advantages over many of their political rivals.

Answer explanation

The Ottomans effectively utilized advanced artillery and small arms, which provided them a significant military advantage over their rivals, facilitating their territorial expansion during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

Front

Based on your knowledge of world history, which factor contributed most directly to the Mughal Empire’s territorial expansion in South Asia? Options: The Mughals’ adoption and effective use of gunpowder weapons, The Mughals’ adoption of Sikhism, The Mughals’ friendly relations with neighboring states, such as the Safavid Empire and Tibet, The Mughal emperors’ claims that they were directly descended from Genghis Khan

Back

The Mughals’ adoption and effective use of gunpowder weapons

Answer explanation

The Mughals’ adoption and effective use of gunpowder weapons significantly enhanced their military capabilities, allowing for rapid territorial expansion in South Asia, unlike the other factors listed.

Front

Which of the following contributed the most to the Ottoman Empire’s successful expansion in Europe and the Middle East in the period from 1450 to 1600? Options: The Ottomans’ use of revenues from transoceanic trade to build a powerful army, The Ottomans’ use of nomadic tribes as cavalry troops, The Ottomans’ adoption of the latest gunpowder and artillery technology, The Ottomans’ exploitation of Muslim desire to avenge the crusades

Back

The Ottomans’ adoption of the latest gunpowder and artillery technology

Answer explanation

The Ottomans’ adoption of the latest gunpowder and artillery technology was crucial for their military success, allowing them to effectively besiege cities and defeat traditional armies, thus facilitating their expansion in Europe and the Middle East.

Front

The passage above is best understood in the context of which of the following? European monarchs’ continued use of religion to legitimize political authority, The influence of Islamic political thought on Europe after the Crusades, The establishment of theocracies throughout Eurasia, The differential treatment of Protestants and Catholics in England

Back

European monarchs’ continued use of religion to legitimize political authority

Answer explanation

The passage reflects the belief that monarchs derive their authority from divine right, a common justification used by European rulers to legitimize their power, aligning with the choice about religion's role in political authority.

Front

The photograph above of a sixteenth-century Mughal mosque in India built by Akbar is an example of which of the following? Emergence of capitalist economies, Expansion of coercive labor systems, Creation of a global trade network, Cultural syncretism

Back

Cultural syncretism

Answer explanation

The mosque built by Akbar exemplifies cultural syncretism, as it reflects a blend of Islamic, Persian, and Indian architectural styles, showcasing the fusion of diverse cultural influences during the Mughal era.

Front

Between 1450 and 1750, empires such as the Ottoman and Chinese shared which of the following?
Dependence on trade as the main basis for the economy
An elite fighting force made up primarily of slaves
The use of a large bureaucracy to support the government
Continual military campaigns against European armies

Back

The use of a large bureaucracy to support the government

Answer explanation

Both the Ottoman and Chinese empires utilized large bureaucracies to manage their vast territories and populations, ensuring effective governance and administration, which is a key characteristic they shared during this period.

Front

The recruitment depicted in the image is best understood in the context of which of the following developments in the period 1450–1750? Attempts by imperial states to expand their economic power, Attempts by imperial states to prevent religious conflict, Attempts by imperial states to centralize their authority, Attempts by imperial states to control population growth

Back

Attempts by imperial states to centralize their authority

Answer explanation

The forced enlistment of Christian boys reflects the Ottoman Empire's efforts to centralize authority by integrating diverse populations into its military and administrative structures, enhancing control over its territories.

Front

What could most reasonably be concluded from the sermon: “It is most evident that kings, queens, and other princes . . . are ordained of God, are to be obeyed and honored by their subjects; that such subjects as are disobedient or rebellious against their princes, disobey God.”?

Back

Rulers often used religious ideas and institutions to justify their rule.

Answer explanation

The sermon emphasizes that obedience to rulers is a divine mandate, indicating that rulers used religious justification for their authority. This supports the conclusion that rulers often used religious ideas and institutions to justify their rule.

Front

The use of children from Eastern Europe to become soldiers was called Divshirme and they were trained and eventually became ________________.

Back

Janissaries

Answer explanation

The practice of using children from Eastern Europe to become soldiers is known as Devshirme. These children were trained to become elite soldiers called Janissaries, who served the Ottoman Empire.