Fall Midterm Review (OnRamps Biology)

Front

What is a saturated fatty acid?

Back

A saturated fatty acid is a type of fatty acid that has no double bonds between carbon atoms, meaning it is 'saturated' with hydrogen atoms. This structure makes them solid at room temperature.

Front

What is the role of inorganic phosphate in cellular respiration?

Back

Inorganic phosphate produced in the cytosol is combined with ADP to regenerate ATP, which is essential for energy transfer in cells.

Front

What are peptide bonds?

Back

Peptide bonds are covalent bonds that link amino acids together in a polypeptide chain, forming proteins.

Front

What is the difference between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

Back

Dehydration reactions assemble polymers by removing water, while hydrolysis breaks down polymers into monomers by adding water.

Front

What happens to ATP when a phosphate group is removed?

Back

When a phosphate group is removed from ATP, free energy is released, which can be used for cellular work.

Front

What are ionic bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Front

What are hydrophobic interactions?

Back

Hydrophobic interactions are non-polar molecules' tendency to aggregate in aqueous solutions to minimize their exposure to water.

Front

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

Back

The tertiary structure of a protein is its three-dimensional shape formed by the folding of the polypeptide chain, stabilized by various interactions, including hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.

Front

What is the function of cholesterol in cell membranes?

Back

Cholesterol helps to maintain membrane fluidity and stability, making it an essential component of cell membranes.

Front

What is ATP?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells, providing energy for various biochemical processes.