Cell Biology Flashcard

Front

What is the main difference between cell membranes and cell walls?

Back

Cell walls are found in plant cells, while cell membranes are found in both plant and animal cells.

Front

What structure do viruses lack that is essential for protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes.

Front

What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plants and algae?

Back

To convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Front

List the structures that are common to both animal and plant cells.

Back

Nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, and ribosomes.

Front

What organelle is often referred to as the 'trash collector' of the cell?

Back

Lysosome.

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

To store genetic information and control cellular activities.

Front

What role do mitochondria play in the cell?

Back

They are the powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

To synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.

Front

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?

Back

To synthesize proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER) and transport them.

Front

What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Back

To store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure.