Unit 5: Ecology and Environmental Science Test Review

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What is an abiotic factor?

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An abiotic factor is a non-living component of an ecosystem that affects living organisms, such as climate, soil, water, and wind.

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What is an ecosystem?

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An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals, and microorganisms) interacting with their physical environment (air, water, soil) in a specific area.

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What are invasive species?

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Invasive species are non-native organisms that, when introduced to a new environment, can cause harm to native species, ecosystems, and human activities.

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How do human activities affect groundwater?

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Human activities, such as agriculture, industrial processes, and waste disposal, can lead to pollution of groundwater, making it unsafe for drinking and other uses.

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What is the greenhouse effect?

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The greenhouse effect is the process by which certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat, leading to an increase in global temperatures.

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What is the role of producers in an ecosystem?

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Producers, such as plants and algae, convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.

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What is biodiversity?

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Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including the number of different species, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

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What is a habitat?

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A habitat is the natural environment in which a species or community of organisms lives, providing food, shelter, and other resources.

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What are the effects of climate change on ecosystems?

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Climate change can lead to altered weather patterns, habitat loss, species extinction, and changes in species distribution and interactions.

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What is pollution?

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Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into the environment, which can adversely affect ecosystems and human health.