Review of Allele Frequencies & DNA profiling

Front

What is allele frequency?

Back

The proportion of a specific allele among all alleles for a particular gene in a population.

Front

What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

Back

A principle that describes the genetic variation in a population that is not evolving, stating that allele and genotype frequencies will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.

Front

How do you calculate the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals (bb) using allele frequency?

Back

Using the formula q^2, where q is the frequency of the recessive allele.

Front

If the frequency of the recessive allele (b) is 0.2, what is the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals (bb)?

Back

0.04 (0.2^2 = 0.04).

Front

What is the formula to calculate the frequency of heterozygous individuals (Bb)?

Back

The formula is 2pq, where p is the frequency of the dominant allele and q is the frequency of the recessive allele.

Front

If the allele frequency of p is 0.20, what is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype (Bb)?

Back

0.32 (2pq = 2 * 0.2 * 0.8 = 0.32).

Front

What is DNA profiling?

Back

A technique used to identify individuals by examining their unique DNA patterns.

Front

Why is DNA fingerprinting effective for identifying individuals?

Back

Because no two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA.

Front

What is the significance of the dominant allele in a population?

Back

The dominant allele can mask the presence of a recessive allele in heterozygous individuals.

Front

How do you determine the frequency of the genotype (bb) in a population of 150 individuals with allele frequencies of 0.3 (B) and 0.7 (b)?

Back

Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation: q^2 = (0.7)^2 = 0.49.