Unit #4 Review B

Front

What is a hypotonic environment?

Back

A hypotonic environment is one where the percentage of water is higher outside the cell than inside the cell, causing too much water to enter the cell, which may lead to the cell bursting.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of materials across a cell membrane that requires energy, typically in the form of ATP.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of materials across a cell membrane without the use of energy, relying on concentration gradients.

Front

What is an isotonic environment?

Back

An isotonic environment is one where the concentrations of water are equal inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What is the difference between active and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What role do transport proteins play in active transport?

Back

Transport proteins facilitate the movement of substances across the cell membrane during active transport, often using energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Front

What is the significance of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells, providing the energy needed for various cellular processes, including active transport.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic environment?

Back

In a hypertonic environment, the percentage of water is lower outside the cell than inside, causing water to leave the cell, which may lead to cell shrinkage.