Orbital Diagrams, Rules and Principles

Front

What is the Aufbau principle?

Back

The Aufbau principle states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before filling higher energy orbitals.

Front

What does Hund's rule state?

Back

Hund's rule states that every orbital in a sublevel is singly occupied before any orbital is doubly occupied, and all singly occupied orbitals have electrons with the same spin.

Front

How many electrons can the s sublevel hold?

Back

The s sublevel can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.

Front

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the p sublevel?

Back

The p sublevel can hold a maximum of 6 electrons.

Front

What is the Pauli exclusion principle?

Back

The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Front

What is an orbital diagram?

Back

An orbital diagram is a visual representation of the arrangement of electrons in an atom's orbitals, showing the distribution of electrons among the various orbitals.

Front

What does an orbital diagram for oxygen (O) look like?

Back

The orbital diagram for oxygen shows 8 electrons: 1s² 2s² 2p⁴.

Front

What is the significance of the quantum numbers?

Back

Quantum numbers describe the properties of atomic orbitals and the electrons in those orbitals, including their energy level, shape, orientation, and spin.

Front

What is the shape of s orbitals?

Back

s orbitals have a spherical shape.

Front

What is the shape of p orbitals?

Back

p orbitals have a dumbbell shape.