Cell Membrane and Cellular Transport Review

Front

What is osmoregulation?

Back

Osmoregulation is the process by which living organisms regulate the balance of solute and water concentrations in their cells, tissues, and organs.

Front

What happens to marine plant cells when placed in freshwater?

Back

The cells will swell due to the influx of water.

Front

What type of extracellular fluid is a cell in when it is at equilibrium?

Back

Isotonic.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the process that uses energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, often involving protein pumps.

Front

Which process does not require energy?

Back

Diffusion.

Front

Why must animal cells be in osmotic equilibrium?

Back

Animal cells must be in osmotic equilibrium to prevent swelling or shrinking that could cause their membranes to rupture.

Front

What is the difference between hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic solutions?

Back

Hypertonic solutions have a higher solute concentration than the cell, causing it to shrink; isotonic solutions have equal solute concentrations, maintaining cell size; hypotonic solutions have a lower solute concentration, causing the cell to swell.

Front

What role do proteins play in cellular transport?

Back

Proteins facilitate the movement of molecules across the cell membrane, either passively or actively.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is the sodium-potassium pump?

Back

The sodium-potassium pump is an active transport mechanism that moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, crucial for maintaining cellular function.