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What is a cladogram?

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A cladogram is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.

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What is a phylogenetic tree?

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A phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that represents the evolutionary history of a group of organisms, illustrating how they are related through common ancestry.

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What does 'clade' mean?

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A clade is a group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all its descendants, representing a single branch on the tree of life.

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How do you determine the most distantly related organism on a cladogram?

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The most distantly related organism is found at the end of the longest branch from the common ancestor in the cladogram.

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What is the significance of shared traits in a cladogram?

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Shared traits indicate common ancestry and help in determining the evolutionary relationships between different organisms.

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What is the purpose of a phylogenetic tree?

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The purpose of a phylogenetic tree is to illustrate the evolutionary relationships and lineage of different species over time.

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What type of information can be derived from a cladogram?

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A cladogram provides information about the evolutionary relationships, common ancestors, and the order of divergence among species.

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What is the relationship between humans and mice according to phylogenetic studies?

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Humans and mice share a more recent common ancestor compared to other organisms like fish or salamanders, making them closely related.

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What is the role of a common ancestor in a cladogram?

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A common ancestor is the most recent species from which two or more species have evolved, serving as a reference point in a cladogram.

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How can cladograms be used in biological classification?

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Cladograms can be used to classify organisms based on their evolutionary relationships, helping scientists understand biodiversity.