AP Biology: Unit 2 Review (CED) from @apbiopenguins

Front

What are phospholipids?

Back

Phospholipids are molecules that make up the cell membrane, consisting of a hydrophilic (water-loving) 'head' and two hydrophobic (water-fearing) 'tails'.

Front

What is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum (Rough ER)?

Back

Rough ER is involved in the synthesis of proteins and is studded with ribosomes, which give it a 'rough' appearance.

Front

What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth ER)?

Back

Smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.

Front

What are transmembrane proteins?

Back

Transmembrane proteins are proteins that span the entire cell membrane and are involved in transporting substances across the membrane.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses specific proteins to help move molecules across the cell membrane without using energy.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Back

In a hypotonic solution, water enters the cell, causing it to swell and potentially burst.

Front

What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Back

Cholesterol helps to stabilize the fluidity of the cell membrane, making it less permeable to very small water-soluble molecules that might otherwise pass freely through.

Front

What are peripheral proteins?

Back

Peripheral proteins are proteins that are attached to the exterior or interior surfaces of the cell membrane and are not embedded within the lipid bilayer.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, relying on concentration gradients.