BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW

Front

What is a substrate in the context of enzymes?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts. It binds to the enzyme's active site to form products.

Front

What makes up the sides of a DNA ladder?

Back

The sides of a DNA ladder are made up of alternating sugar and phosphate groups.

Front

What is phototropism?

Back

Phototropism is the growth of a plant in response to light direction, causing parts of the plant to bend towards the light source.

Front

Identify the function of the cell membrane.

Back

The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is the role of proteins in the body?

Back

Proteins serve various functions including structural support, transport, enzymes, and signaling.

Front

Define hydrotropism.

Back

Hydrotropism is the growth response of a plant to moisture, where roots grow towards areas of higher water concentration.

Front

What are nitrogen bases?

Back

Nitrogen bases are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine (in DNA), and uracil (in RNA).

Front

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities by regulating gene expression.

Front

What is geotropism?

Back

Geotropism is the growth response of a plant to gravity, with roots growing downward and stems growing upward.

Front

What is the difference between an enzyme and a substrate?

Back

An enzyme is a protein that catalyzes biochemical reactions, while a substrate is the specific reactant that the enzyme acts upon.