Applied Bio. Unit 2 Review

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in a membrane. It allows the cell to intake large molecules or particles.

Front

What does it mean when a substance reaches equilibrium during diffusion?

Back

When a substance reaches equilibrium during diffusion, it means that the molecules are evenly distributed throughout the space, resulting in no net movement in any direction.

Front

What is the energy molecule that cells use for active transport?

Back

The energy molecule that cells use for active transport is ATP (adenosine triphosphate). It provides the energy needed to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

Front

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?

Back

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins. It is studded with ribosomes, which give it a 'rough' appearance.

Front

What is the cytoplasm?

Back

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance within a cell that contains organelles, enzymes, and other components necessary for cellular processes.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a process by which molecules pass through the cell membrane with the help of transport proteins, moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without using energy.

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A hypotonic solution is one where the concentration of solutes is lower outside the cell than inside, causing water to flow into the cell, potentially leading to swelling or bursting.

Front

What is exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is the process by which cells expel materials in vesicles that fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.

Front

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell; they generate ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for cellular activities.