Biology Flashcardziz Review

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules in biology?

Back

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.

Front

What is a lipid?

Back

Lipids are a group of hydrophobic molecules that include fats, oils, and phospholipids, which are important for energy storage and cell membrane structure.

Front

What is a carbohydrate?

Back

Carbohydrates are organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a ratio of 1:2:1, and are a primary source of energy for living organisms.

Front

What is a protein?

Back

Proteins are large, complex molecules made up of amino acids, essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.

Front

What is a nucleic acid?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are polymers made of nucleotide monomers that store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the role of pioneer species in ecological succession?

Back

Pioneer species, like lichen, are the first organisms to colonize barren environments, initiating the process of ecological succession.

Front

What is activation energy?

Back

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur, often lowered by the presence of enzymes.

Front

What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.