AP Chemistry Thou Shall Not Forget Unit 1

Front

What is the order of filling orbitals in the electron configuration?

Back

The order of filling orbitals follows the Aufbau principle, which states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first. The order is: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p.

Front

What does PES stand for in chemistry?

Back

PES stands for Photoelectron Spectroscopy, a technique used to study the energy levels of electrons in atoms.

Front

What does a larger binding energy in a PES graph indicate about electron proximity to the nucleus?

Back

A larger binding energy indicates that the electrons are closer to the nucleus.

Front

What does the height of a peak in a PES graph represent?

Back

The height of a peak represents the number of electrons in that energy level.

Front

What is Coulombic attraction?

Back

Coulombic attraction is the force of attraction between positively charged protons in the nucleus and negatively charged electrons.

Front

How does the energy level of an electron affect its Coulombic attraction to the nucleus?

Back

When an electron is in a higher energy level, it has less Coulombic attraction to the nucleus.

Front

Which type of electrons are removed first when forming a cation?

Back

The s electrons are removed first when forming a cation.

Front

What is the significance of the 3d orbital in electron configuration?

Back

The 3d orbital is significant because it can hold up to 10 electrons and is filled after the 4s orbital.

Front

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the p orbitals?

Back

The maximum number of electrons that can occupy the p orbitals is 6 (2 electrons per p orbital, with 3 p orbitals available).

Front

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Back

The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.