Semester Exam Review Units 1 & 2

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Protein synthesis.

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in cells.

Front

What is a substrate?

Back

The reactant that an enzyme acts upon.

Front

What organelle directs all cell activities through the DNA located there?

Back

Nucleus.

Front

What term describes the specificity of enzymes for their substrates?

Back

Specific.

Front

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

It contains the cell's DNA and directs all activities.

Front

What are the products of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Back

The substances formed as a result of the reaction.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The region where the substrate binds to the enzyme.

Front

What is the difference between a catalyst and an enzyme?

Back

All enzymes are catalysts, but not all catalysts are enzymes; enzymes are biological catalysts.

Front

What is the significance of enzyme specificity?

Back

It ensures that enzymes only catalyze specific reactions, preventing unwanted side reactions.