Protein Synthesis Exam

Front

Proteins contain ____ different amino acids, whereas DNA and RNA are composed of ___ different nucleotides.

Back

Proteins contain 20 different amino acids, whereas DNA and RNA are composed of 4 different nucleotides.

Front

Which part of the mRNA molecule binds to the tRNA molecule?

Back

The part of the mRNA molecule that binds to the tRNA molecule is called the codon.

Front

Ribosomes begin translation of an mRNA transcript at the first ____

Back

Ribosomes begin translation of an mRNA transcript at the first AUG.

Front

The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____

Back

The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called translation.

Front

If an mRNA codon is AGU, which of the following would be the appropriate tRNA anticodon?

Back

If an mRNA codon is AGU, the appropriate tRNA anticodon would be UCA.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

The role of tRNA in protein synthesis is to transport amino acids to the ribosome and match them to the corresponding mRNA codon.

Front

Define transcription in the context of protein synthesis.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that is complementary to a codon on mRNA.