Flashcardziz Review: Mode of Inheritance Pedigrees

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What is a pedigree chart?

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A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors, used to analyze the inheritance of traits.

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What does 'X-linked Recessive' mean?

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X-linked Recessive refers to a mode of inheritance where a gene causing a trait or disorder is located on the X chromosome, and the trait is expressed in males who have only one X chromosome.

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How can you identify an Autosomal Dominant trait in a pedigree?

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An Autosomal Dominant trait typically appears in every generation, with affected individuals having at least one affected parent.

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What is the difference between Autosomal Recessive and Autosomal Dominant inheritance?

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In Autosomal Recessive inheritance, two copies of the recessive allele are needed for the trait to be expressed, while in Autosomal Dominant inheritance, only one copy of the dominant allele is needed.

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What does the term 'genotype' refer to?

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Genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an individual, specifically the alleles present at a particular gene locus.

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What is the significance of the number of generations in a pedigree?

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The number of generations in a pedigree helps to trace the inheritance pattern of traits over time and can indicate the mode of inheritance.

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How do you determine the number of children in a pedigree?

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The number of children in a pedigree can be determined by counting the symbols connected to a couple's symbol that represent their offspring.

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What does 'A_' signify in genetic notation?

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The notation 'A_' indicates that the individual has at least one dominant allele (A) but does not specify whether they are homozygous (AA) or heterozygous (Aa).

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What is the role of carriers in Autosomal Recessive inheritance?

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Carriers are individuals who have one copy of a recessive allele and one copy of a dominant allele; they do not express the trait but can pass the recessive allele to their offspring.

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How can you identify an X-linked Dominant trait in a pedigree?

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An X-linked Dominant trait typically appears in both males and females, but affected males pass the trait only to their daughters.