Ch 12 & 13 (DNA, RNA, & Protein Synthesis) Test Review

Front

A section of DNA that codes for a protein that determines a specific inherited trait is called a _______________.

Back

gene

Front

What cell structure produces proteins?

Back

ribosomes

Front

In RNA, adenine pairs with ______.

Back

uracil

Front

Which of the following is a function of mRNA?

Back

carries copy of instructions that is complementary to DNA

Front

Which stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Back

S phase of interphase

Front

What is the role of DNA in cells?

Back

DNA stores genetic information and provides instructions for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the primary function of RNA?

Back

RNA acts as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins.

Front

What are the three types of RNA and their functions?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries instructions from DNA; tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids; rRNA (ribosomal RNA) makes up the ribosomes.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes create proteins based on the sequence of mRNA.