Front

What is a scientific theory?

Back

A scientific theory is an explanation for a wide range of experimental results that has been repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and experimentation.

Front

What is the hydrosphere?

Back

The hydrosphere encompasses all the water on Earth, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and water vapor in the atmosphere.

Front

What is the geosphere?

Back

The geosphere refers to the solid parts of the Earth, including the crust, mantle, and core.

Front

What is radioactive dating?

Back

Radioactive dating is a method used to determine the age of an object by measuring the amount of radioactive isotopes it contains.

Front

What processes shape the Grand Canyon today?

Back

Erosion from water and wind are the primary processes responsible for the current changes in the appearance of the Grand Canyon.

Front

What was the size of the Atlantic Ocean 100 million years ago according to plate tectonic theory?

Back

The Atlantic Ocean was much smaller than it is today.

Front

What is erosion?

Back

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by natural forces such as wind or water.

Front

What are tectonic plates?

Back

Tectonic plates are large sections of the Earth's lithosphere that move and interact with one another, causing geological events like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

Front

What is the difference between the crust and the mantle?

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The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth, while the mantle is the layer beneath the crust, composed of semi-solid rock that flows slowly.

Front

What is an index fossil?

Back

An index fossil is a fossil that is used to define and identify a particular time period in the geological time scale.