Posey AP BIOLOGY MIDTERM REVIEW Fall 2024

Front

What are the structural differences between carbohydrates and proteins?

Back

Carbohydrates are primarily composed of monosaccharides and are used for energy storage, while proteins are made of amino acids and serve as enzymes and structural components.

Front

How do phospholipids contribute to cell membrane dynamics?

Back

Phospholipids increase membrane fluidity at higher temperatures by becoming more fluid.

Front

What determines the function of a protein?

Back

The protein’s specific structure determines its function.

Front

What are the products of aerobic cellular respiration?

Back

The products are ATP, carbon dioxide (CO2), and water.

Front

What property of enzymes allows them to be used repeatedly?

Back

Enzymes are not altered by the reaction they catalyze, allowing them to be reused.

Front

Define carbohydrates.

Back

Carbohydrates are organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a ratio of 1:2:1, and are primarily used for energy storage.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

Explain the significance of peptide bonds in proteins.

Back

Peptide bonds link amino acids together to form proteins, determining their structure and function.

Front

What is the function of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP serves as the primary energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various biochemical reactions.

Front

Describe the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes.

Back

The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as a flexible layer made of lipid molecules with proteins embedded, allowing for movement and interaction.