Test 8 - Hydrosphere (Surface and Ground Water)

Front

What is an algal bloom?

Back

An algal bloom is a rapid increase in the population of algae in water bodies, often caused by excess nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, leading to negative environmental impacts.

Front

What is the primary cause of algal blooms in freshwater systems?

Back

The primary cause of algal blooms in freshwater systems is the runoff of fertilizers from agricultural fields, which introduces excess nutrients into the water.

Front

Define transpiration.

Back

Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through small openings in their leaves called stomata.

Front

What is permeability in the context of soil and water movement?

Back

Permeability refers to the ability of soil or rock to transmit water, determined by the amount of space between particles that allows water to flow through.

Front

What is the continental shelf?

Back

The continental shelf is the submerged border of a continent that extends from the shoreline to the continental slope, characterized by shallow waters and rich marine life.

Front

What are the main sources of water pollution?

Back

Main sources of water pollution include agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, sewage from households, and mining activities.

Front

What is the water cycle?

Back

The water cycle is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth, involving processes such as evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

Front

Explain the term 'groundwater'.

Back

Groundwater is water that is stored beneath the Earth's surface in soil pore spaces and fractures of rock formations, and it is a crucial source of drinking water.

Front

What is the difference between evaporation and transpiration?

Back

Evaporation is the process of water turning into vapor from surfaces like lakes and rivers, while transpiration is the release of water vapor from plants.

Front

What role do wetlands play in the hydrosphere?

Back

Wetlands act as natural water filters, absorbing excess nutrients and pollutants, and they provide habitat for diverse wildlife.