The Age of Enlightenment and the English Civil War

Front

What was the Age of Enlightenment?

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A period in the eighteenth century characterized by new ideas about government, freedom, and the right of people to change their government.

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Who became King of England after Queen Elizabeth I?

Back

James I, a member of the Stuart family.

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What was the divine right of kings?

Back

The belief that a monarch's authority comes directly from God and that they are not subject to earthly authority.

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What document did Parliament draw up in 1628 to limit the king's power?

Back

The Petition of Right.

Front

What were some key provisions of the Petition of Right?

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The king could not declare martial law, pass tax laws without Parliament's consent, or imprison people without cause.

Front

What happened when Charles I dismissed Parliament in 1629?

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He broke his word to accept the Petition of Right and ruled without Parliament.

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What triggered the English Civil War?

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Charles I's attempt to arrest five leading members of Parliament and his conflict with those wanting more power for Parliament.

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Who was Oliver Cromwell?

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A Puritan leader who supported Parliament and organized the New Model Army during the English Civil War.

Front

What was the outcome of the English Civil War?

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The king's forces were defeated, and Charles I was put on trial and executed in 1649.

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What did Cromwell do after the execution of Charles I?

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He took over the rule of England.