Biology Keystone Review-Part 1

Front

What is denaturation in enzymes?

Back

Denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its functional shape due to high temperatures or extreme pH levels, leading to a decline in enzyme activity.

Front

What does a decrease in ATP molecules during a chemical reaction indicate?

Back

It indicates that the reaction required an input of energy, as ATP is consumed in the process.

Front

What is hydrolysis?

Back

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction that involves the breaking down of compounds by the addition of water, often used in the digestion of food.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds, allowing the enzyme to catalyze a reaction.

Front

What process uses the products of photosynthesis as reactants?

Back

Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen, the products of photosynthesis, to produce energy.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.

Front

What is the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?

Back

Dehydration synthesis involves the joining of two molecules with the removal of water, while hydrolysis involves breaking down a molecule by adding water.

Front

What is the significance of the substrate in enzyme activity?

Back

The substrate is the reactant that an enzyme acts upon, and its specific fit into the active site determines the enzyme's function.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

What factors can affect enzyme activity?

Back

Factors include temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.