Introduction to Titrations

Front

What are titrations?

Back

Titrations (or titrimetric method) are based on measuring the amount of a reagent of known concentration that reacts with the unknown.

Front

What is the process of titration?

Back

It is the process of determining unknown concentration by adding small increments of standard solution until the reaction is just complete.

Front

What is the general equation for a titration?

Back

aA + tT → products, where A is the analyte and T is the titrant.

Front

Provide an example of a titration reaction.

Back

H2SO4 + 2 NaOH → 2 H2O + Na2SO4.

Front

What is an indicator in titration?

Back

An indicator is an added compound that undergoes a color change at the equivalence point.

Front

What is the end point in titration?

Back

The end point is the end of titration when analyte moles are completely consumed and the indicator changes color.

Front

What is the equivalence point?

Back

The equivalence point is the theoretical end of titration as calculated using stoichiometry.

Front

What is titration error?

Back

Titration error is the difference between the end point and the equivalence point volumes.

Front

What are the most common types of titrations?

Back

1. Acid-base titrations 2. Oxidation-reduction titrations 3. Complex formation 4. Precipitation reactions.

Front

What is a primary standard?

Back

A primary standard is a highly purified compound that serves as a reference material in a titration.