Explaining and Classifying Psychological Disorders

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Eclectic Approach

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Using more than one psychological perspective. Most psychologists use this when diagnosing and treating clients.

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Behavioral Perspective

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The causes of mental disorders focus on maladaptive learned associations between or among responses to stimuli.

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Psychodynamic Perspective

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The causes of mental disorders focus on unconscious thoughts and experiences, often developed during childhood.

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Humanistic Perspective

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The causes of mental disorders focus on a lack of social support and being unable to fulfill one’s potential.

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Cognitive Perspective

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The causes of mental disorders focus on maladaptive thoughts, beliefs, attitudes, or emotions.

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Evolutionary Perspective

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The causes of mental disorders focus on behaviors and mental processes that reduce the likelihood of survival.

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Sociocultural Perspective

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The causes of mental disorders focus on maladaptive social and cultural relationships and dynamics.

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Biological Perspective

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The causes of mental disorders focus on physiological or genetic issues.

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Biopsychosocial Model

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Any psychological problem potentially involves a combination of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.

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Diathesis-Stress Model

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Psychological disorders develop due to a genetic vulnerability (diathesis) in combination with stressful life experiences (stress).