Praxis 5362 Review: SLA

Front

When providing content and language instruction, which of the following should NOT be done for the ELL students?

• Adjust the materials to be culturally relevant
• Lower the level of the academic content
• Make accommodations during assessments
• Differentiate the instruction of the content based on the student level

Back

Lower the level of the academic content

Answer explanation

The level of academic content should not be lowered for ELL students, although the manner of instruction might need to be adjusted. ELL students should not fall behind their classmates academically.

Front

Which term best describes a bilingual or ELL student well adjusted in home and school cultures?

Back

Acculturation

Answer explanation

Acculturation refers to a person who has adopted the traits of one culture while maintaining the characteristics of the original culture.

Front

When a teacher is working with students on their intonation pattern, the teacher is dealing with which level of language?

Back

pragmatics

Front

Which opinion supports The critical period hypothesis popularized by Eric Lenneberg?

Back

Older learners rarely achieve a near-native accent.

Answer explanation

The critical period hypothesis states that it is only possible to acquire full native competence in a language during the period from early childhood to adolescence.

Front

Five-step systematic instructional model to teach English learners how to use learning strategies for both language and content.

Back

cognitive language learning approach (CALLA)

Answer explanation

The CALLA Approach focuses on learning strategies that can be used to integrate content and language. This integration occurs through a five‐stage cycle involving preparation, presentation, practice, evaluation, and expansion.

Front

Characteristics Niko is likely to display after a year in the US with near-native English fluency.

Back

He has high levels of comprehension, but may not understand all academic language.

Answer explanation

This is common for a student in the advanced fluency stage of second-language acquisition, where Niko is likely to be.

Front

Which of the following statements provides a research-backed explanation for why ELLs in additive bilingual programs demonstrate increased academic achievement in L2?

Back

The continued development of ELLs' native language serves as a foundation for L2 academic language.

Answer explanation

Additive bilingual programs focus on continually providing instruction in L1 and L2 so the students become equally proficient in both languages. The belief is that continued development of ELLs' L1 facilitates the acquisition of L2.

Front

Which theorist developed the concept of cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP)?

Back

Jim Cummins

Answer explanation

Dr. Jim Cummins' main contribution to the TESL community is the concept of cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP). CALP refers to formal academic learning as opposed to conversational languages. Cummins was one of the first to note the difference between the two.

Front

Teaching strategies for pre-production stage ESL students: speaking slowly, modeling language, gesturing, pointing, using visuals.

Back

Avoid encouraging speaking with classmates in small groups.

Answer explanation

During the pre-production stage, students are often silent as they take in new language. Speaking with classmates should not yet be the focus.

Front

Mr. Durant is a science teacher. He implements a learning activity where the students break up into small groups after a class reading to discuss the material. After the small group discussion, Mr. Durant has the students write about their group's discussion in their journals. Mr. Durant best displays the knowledge of which learning principle?

Back

Student language development is integrated.

Answer explanation

The more students can express their thoughts in a new language, the more likely they are to retain and internalize the language. Reading, discussing, and then writing allows for these important language skills to be utilized.